22Analyses of entheseal changes (EC) in identified skeletal samples employ a common research

This article presents a consensus terminology for entheseal changes that was developed in English by an international team of scholars and then translated into French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish and German. Use of a standard, neutral terminology to describe entheseal morphology will reduce misunderstandings between researchers, improve the reliability of comparisons between studies, and eliminate unwarranted etiological assumptions inherent in some of the descriptive terms presently used in the literature.

A navegação consulta e descarregamento dos títulos inseridos nas Bibliotecas Digitais UC Digitalis, UC Pombalina e UC Impactum, pressupõem a aceitação plena e sem reservas dos Termos e Condições de Uso destas Bibliotecas Digitais, disponíveis em https://digitalis.uc.pt/pt-pt/termos.Conforme exposto nos referidos Termos e Condições de Uso, o descarregamento de títulos de acesso restrito requer uma licença válida de autorização devendo o utilizador aceder ao(s) documento(s) a partir de um endereço de IP da instituição detentora da supramencionada licença.Ao utilizador é apenas permitido o descarregamento para uso pessoal, pelo que o emprego do(s) título(s) descarregado(s) para outro fim, designadamente comercial, carece de autorização do respetivo autor ou editor da obra. Na medida em que todas as obras da UC Digitalis se encontram protegidas pelo Código do Direito de Autor e Direitos Conexos e demais legislação aplicável, toda a cópia, parcial ou total, deste documento, nos casos em que é legalmente admitida, deverá conter ou fazer-se acompanhar por este aviso. ). The chief goal of the organizing committee was to provide a productive environment where researchers could discuss the methodologies and terminology employed for the study of MSM as well as assessing how well these enthesopathies serve as markers of occupational stress. The Workshop was organized in three major sessions, each one introduced by a keynote lecture: (1) Methodological issues; (2) MSM studies of archaeological samples and Identified Skeletal Collections; and (3) The multifactorial etiology of enthesopathies. The meeting was concluded with a Plenary Session where two annotators discussed the presentations; this was followed by a general discussion and the formation of three working groups focused on the topics of Methods, Terminology, and Occupations. Details of the Workshop and the presentations presented are available for download at http://www.uc.pt/en/cia/msm/. A blog (http:// coimbraworkshopmsm.blogspot. com/) was created to facilitate communications about individual experiences and to share knowledge among researchers in this field. We hope that this Workshop will help to standardize methodologies and terminology and promote the creation of a more integrated scientific approach to future studies of MSM. Palavras-chave Estandardização; entesopatias; actividade ocupacional; terminologia; metodologia. The Coimbra Workshop in Musculoskeletal Stress Key words

Fractures are ubiquitous in the archaeological record but the majority of these are the consequence of a traumatic incident and do not reflect any loss of strength inherent to the bone. So-called fragility fractures, particularly hip fractures, are considered uncommon occurrences in skeletal populations from the past. Nevertheless, evidence of this type of fracture in the archaeological record is increasing. A methodical search for possible hip fractures in the excavation reports, theses and monographs housed in the Department of Anthropology of the University of Coimbra presented an occasion to describe six hip fractures, previously unpublished, from different Portuguese archaeological sites and to challenge the widespread assumption that hip fractures were nearly non-existent in the past.