Sarcocystosis infection is caused by protozoan cysts of genus Sarcocystis spp. where S. hominis, S. heydorni (bovines) and S. suihominis (porcine) are the most relevant for humans because of their zoonotic potential. S. cruzi, S. suihominis and S. ovicanis represent the most pathogenic species for cattle, pigs and sheep respectively. This infection has a worldwide importance due to its high transmission; besides to represent a zoonosis, it generates great economics losses. The main diagnostic methods for this disease are artificial digestion, PCR, indirect ELISA, and compression analysis. It’s important to highlight few studies on Sarcocystis spp., especially the ones involving the pursuit of effective treatments to control the infection for both humans and animals, however, some studies have reported that treatments such as cotrimoxazole and albendazole with or without prednisone are effective in counteracting symptoms in humans, considering the lack of reports about Sarcocystis spp. prevalence in Colombia.
La paratuberculosis bovina (PTB) es una enfermedad crónica causada por el bacilo Mycobacterium avium subespecie paratuberculosis (MAP). Tiene distribución a nivel mundial y genera pérdidas económicas para los productores por el bajo rendimiento productivo de los animales y el amplio periodo de incubación, en el cual es excretada a través de la materia fecal sin signos clínicos. Así mismo, se reporta que los animales más susceptibles de contraer la enfermedad son los terneros. Entre los métodos de diagnóstico utilizados para la MAP, están PCR, ELISA, cultivo bacteriano de materia fecal, el examen para detección de MAP en muestras de tejido y la prueba de hipersensibilidad cutánea retardada Johnina intradérmica. La MAP es una bacteria con posible potencial zoonótico por su relación con la enfermedad de Crohn. Debido a que no hay tratamiento para la PTB, se deben intensificar los mecanismos de control en las producciones.
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