Resumen: Se espera que la ISO/IEC 29119 tenga un impacto favorable en el dominio de las pruebas de software. Sin embargo, en pequeñas empresas en Lima, se ha observado que las pruebas son desordenadas, no logran una adecuada cobertura y el software presenta errores en su operación. En este estudio se hizo una investigación exploratoria en organizaciones que prueban software, para determinar factores de entorno que influyen en el grado de adopción de prácticas de pruebas de software. El análisis se realizó usando un estudio de caso múltiple de cuatro unidades de análisis, considerando dos tipos de organizaciones. Las organizaciones que actuaron como fábricas de software en un esquema contractual (exigente) presentaron un mayor nivel de adhesión a las prácticas del estándar que aquellas que actuaron como parte de un equipo de desarrollo de software. Además el factor Presión Externa es uno de influencia positivo para el primer grupo y de manera negativa para el segundo grupo.Palabras-clave: pruebas de software, mejora de procesos, ISO/IEC/IEEE 29119, ISO/IEC 33063.
Exploratory analysis in adopted software testing practices of ISO/IEC 29119-2 in organizations in Lima, PeruAbstract: It is expected for the ISO/IEC/IEEE 29119 to have a favorable impact on this software testing domain. However, in small businesses in Lima, these activities are performed in uncontrolled way, tests do not achieve adequate coverage and the software operates with errors. In this study an exploratory research was performed in organizations conducting software testing, the objective was to determine environment factors to affect the extent of adoption of software testing practices. The analysis was performed using a multiple case study analysis of four units, considering two types of organizations. Organizations that acted as software factories under a contractual scheme presented a higher level of adherence to standard practices than those who acted as part of a software development team. In addition, the External Pressure factor is one of positive influence for the first group and negatively for the second group. Análisis exploratorio en la adopción de prácticas de pruebas de software de la ISO/IEC 29119-2 en organizaciones de Lima, Perú
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