Purpose To estimate the prevalence of stress, anxiety, depression, and resilience amongst Canadian farmers. Methods An online cross-sectional survey using validated psychometric scales [Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale] conducted with farmers in Canada between September 2015 and February 2016. Results 1132 farmers participated in the study. The average PSS score was 18.9. Approximately 57% and 33% of participants were classified as possible and probable cases for anxiety, respectively; the respective proportions for depression were 34% and 15%. The average resilience score was 71.1. Scores for stress, anxiety, and depression were higher, and resilience lower, than reported normative data. Females scored less favorably on all mental health outcomes studied, highlighting important gender disparities. Conclusions These results highlight a significant public health concern amongst farmers, and illustrate a critical need for research and interventions related to farmer mental health. These findings are important for policymakers, physicians, and public and mental health service providers, and can help to inform decision-making, policy recommendations, resource allocation, and development and delivery of training programs for farmers.

Men's hesitancy to seek help for psychological distress is demonstrated in the quantitative literature. Men's perspectives and experiences need to be better understood to inform policy and practice. A meta-ethnography was conducted of 51 qualitative studies on men's perspectives on psychological distress and help seeking. Findings indicate most participants' conceptualizations of psychological distress are sociallybased and many have difficulty with the term "depression." Men's accounts show notions of masculinity negatively impacts mental health and acts as a barrier to help seeking. Challenging the common characterization of men, men reveal the impact of interpersonal factors on mental health. Gender is revealed as a determinant of health that interacts with economic security, ethnicity and sexuality. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.

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A B S T R AC TFathers can make positive contributions to their children's well-being. However, involving the literature and this research indicate that fathers are much less likely to be engaged with child welfare services than mothers. This paper reports the findings of life story research with 18 fathers involved with child welfare. It focuses on these men's perspectives of fatherhood and their relationships with their children. Also, reactions to these fatherhood stories from father and service provider focus groups are examined. The findings challenge common perceptions of these fathers and highlight similarities and differences in perspectives between fathers and service providers. Implications for engaging fathers in child welfare practice are discussed.