The chemo-mechanical caries removal method has been a solution for treatment of patients seeking alternatives to conventional methods. Among different kinds of chemo-mechanical caries removal systems, Papacarie® – a papain gel – was found to be easy to manipulate, simple and cheap, as well as effective in removing infected tissues.

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Background: The chemical-mechanical removal of caries involves the chemical softening of the infected dentin, following by the mechanical removal of the softened tissue using non-cutting manual instruments. Papacárie® (Fórmula&Ação, Sao Paulo, Brazil) is a product in gel form used for the chemical-mechanical softening of the affected tissue. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Papacárie®. Methods: Clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed on 14 young permanent molars treated with Papacárie® and restored with glass ionomer cement (VitroMolar, DFL Ind. Com LTDA,Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) 24 months following intervention. Results: Success was achieved in 13 of the 14 cases. Conclusion: Papacárie® was effective in the treatment of carious lesions and constitutes a conservative alternative that offers benefits to patients.

The purpose of this article was to analyze the photobiomodulator role of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the skeletal muscle remodeling following cryoinjury in rats, focusing the types I and III collagen proteins. Laser phototherapy has been employed to stimulate repair in different tissues. However, its role in skeletal muscle remodeling is not yet well clarified, especially its effect on the collagen component of the extracellular matrix. Fifty adult Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, sham, cryoinjury, and laser-treated cryoinjury. Laser irradiation was performed three times a week on the injured region using the InGaAlP (indium-gallium-aluminum-phosphorous) laser (660 nm; beam spot of 0.04 cm(2), output power of 20 mW, power density of 0.5 mW/cm(2), energy density of 5 J/cm(2), 10-s exposure time, with a total energy dose of 0.2 J). Five animals were killed after short-term (days 1 and 7) and long-term (14 and 21) durations following injury. The muscles were processed and submitted to hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical staining. The histological slices were analyzed qualitatively, semi-quantitatively, and quantitatively. The data were submitted to statistical analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The qualitative analysis of morphological aspects revealed that the muscle repair were very similar in cryoinjury and laser groups on days 1, 14 and 21. However, at 7 days, differences could be observed because there was a reduction in myonecrosis associated to formation of new vessels (angiogenesis) in the laser-treated group. The analysis of the distribution of types I and III collagen, on day 7, revealed a significant increase in the depositing of these proteins in the laser-treated group when compared to the cryoinjury group. InGaAlP diode laser within the power parameters and conditions tested had a biostimulatory effect at the regenerative and fibrotic phases of the skeletal muscle repairs, by promoting angiogenesis, reducing myonecrosis, and inducing types I and III collagen synthesis, following cryoinjury in rat.

The comparison of chamomile and corticosteroids for treating ulcers was done in vitro and in vivo. The experimental groups were: control; chamomile recutita; triamcinolone acetonide and clobetasol propionate. For the in vitro study the cell viability of fibroblasts cultured for 24 h in media conditioned by the substances was obtained by the MTT reduction analysis. For the in vivo study, 125 male rats were submitted to experimental ulcers treated or not (control) by the substances tested. At 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days later 5 animals of each group were sacrificed. The lesions were analyzed by means of clinical observation and histological wound-healing grading. Data were compared by ANOVA (p