Keywords: authentic leadership, leader gender, follower gender esearch on ways in which male and female leaders differ has been ongoing for decades. In a seminal meta-analytic study, Eagly (2003), for example, found that female leaders were rated more transformational than male leaders. Male leaders, on the other hand, were rated higher on the transactional behaviors of management-by-exception active, and the passive avoidant behaviors of management by exception passive and laissez-faire.An important moderator variable analyzed in several gender and leadership studies has been the gender of the follower. Paustian-Underdahl, Walker and Woehr (2014), for example, meta-analyzed 99 effect sizes for leader effectiveness. When all leadership contexts were considered, men and women did not differ in perceived leadership effectiveness. However, when the leaders were rated by a majority of female followers, female leaders were rated more effective than male leaders. The difference became R