A liquid-phase microextraction method that uses a hollow-fiber solvent bar microextraction technique was developed by combining gas chromatography with electron capture detection for the analysis of four trihalomethanes (chloroform, dichlorobromomethane, chlorodibromomethane, and bromoform) in drinking water. In the microextraction process, 1-octanol was used as the solvent. The technique operates in a two-phase mode with a 5 min extraction time, a 700 rpm stirring speed, a 30°C extraction temperature, and NaCl concentration of 20%. After microextraction, one edge of the membrane was cut, and 1 μL of solvent was collected from the membrane using a 10 μL syringe. The solvent sample was directly injected into the gas chromatograph. The analytical characteristics of the developed method were as follows: detection limits, 0.017-0.037 ng mL ; linear working range, 10-900 ng mL ; recovery, 74 ± 9-91 ± 2; relative standard deviation, 5.7-10.3; and enrichment factor, 330-455. A simple, fast, economic, selective, and efficient method with big possibilities for automation was developed with a potential use to apply with other matrices and analytes.
En buena hora la Universidad de los Andes nos ofrece este bellísimo libro que seguramente nutrirá las discusiones que suscita por estos días la conmemoración del bicentenario de la Independencia. El autor consagra más de setecientas páginas a estudiar cómo la retórica positiva sobre el indígena hace parte de la identidad criolla. El texto no pretende interpretar el pasado prehispánico ni estudiar la explotación de los indígenas en tiempos coloniales, tampoco propone definir la identidad de los neogranadinos ni de los habitantes de Colombia y de Venezuela durante el siglo xix. La pretensión es más modesta, pero no por ello menos compleja: indagar por la manera como se ha imaginado al indio y a su pasado y su efecto sobre las ideas que los criollos se han forjado de sí mismos y de los demás
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