ObjectiveAssessing dietary exposure or nutrient intakes requires detailed dietary data. These data are collected in France by the cross-sectional Individual and National Studies on Food Consumption (INCA). In 2014–2015, the third survey (INCA3) was launched in the framework of the European harmonization process which introduced major methodological changes. The present paper describes the design of the INCA3 survey, its participation rate and the quality of its dietary data, and discusses the lessons learned from the methodological adaptations.DesignTwo representative samples of adults (18–79 years old) and children (0–17 years old) living in mainland France were selected following a three-stage stratified random sampling method using the national census database.SettingFood consumption was collected through three non-consecutive 24 h recalls (15–79 years old) or records (0–14 years old), supplemented by an FFQ. Information on food supplement use, eating habits, physical activity and sedentary behaviours, health status and sociodemographic characteristics were gathered by questionnaires. Height and body weight were measured.ParticipantsIn total, 4114 individuals (2121 adults, 1993 children) completed the whole protocol.ResultsParticipation rate was 41·5% for adults and 49·8% for children. Mean energy intake was estimated as 8795 kJ/d (2102 kcal/d) in adults and 7222 kJ/d (1726 kcal/d) in children and the rate of energy intake under-reporters was 17·8 and 13·9%, respectively.ConclusionsFollowing the European guidelines, the INCA3 survey collected detailed dietary data useful for food-related and nutritional risk assessments at national and European level. The impact of the methodological changes on the participation rate should be further studied.

The third French dietary survey, INCA3, was carried out by the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES). In the contract CFT/EFSA/DCM/2011/02/02 concluded in 28/10/2011 with the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), ANSES has committed itself to providing EFSA with French national food consumption data in the required format and suitable for inclusion in the EFSA Comprehensive European Food Consumption Database and in return, EFSA has committed itself to supporting the French national dietary survey. To comply with the EFSA Guidance, the main adaptations of the INCA3 survey methodology concerned the study population, the dietary information collection method and the interview protocol. In more details, the INCA3 study population included infants (0-1 year old) and toddlers (2-3 years old) and the 7-consecutive-day self-reported food record method was replaced by the three non-consecutive 24h-recalls (among 15-79 year-old subjects) or 24h-records (among 0-14 year-old subjects) methods administered by telephone. These adaptations were tested on the field during a pilot study in 2013. The full-scale INCA3 survey was carried out between February 2014 and September 2015 on two representative samples of respectively 2282 adults aged 18-79 years old and 2178 children aged 0-17 years old. For both samples, data were gathered using the GloboDiet software and coded into the FoodEx2 system afterward. A food propensity questionnaire was also used to collect long-term food intake. In addition, information on long-term food supplement use, physical activity and sedentariness levels, special diets and socio-demographic characteristics of the subjects were collected by supplementary questionnaires. Finally, the participants' height and weight were measured. Disclaimer: The present document has been produced and adopted by the bodies identified above as authors. This task has been carried out exclusively by the authors in the context of a contract between the European Food Safety Authority and the authors, awarded following a tender procedure. The present document is published complying with the transparency principle to which the Authority is subject. It may not be considered as an output adopted by the Authority. The European Food Safety Authority reserves its rights, view and position as regards the issues addressed and the conclusions reached in the present document, without prejudice to the rights of the authors. Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. The French national dietary survey (INCA3, 2014-2015)www.efsa.europa.eu/publications 3 EFSA Supporting publication 2017:EN-1351The present document has been produced and adopted by the bodies identified above as authors. This task has been carried out exclusively by the authors in the context of a contract between the European Food Safety Authority and the authors, awarded following a tender procedure. The present document is published complying with the transparency principle to which the Authority is s...

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