Purpose -Improving energy efficiency of buildings and appliances has been shown to be the most cost-effective way of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The aim of this research is to identify householders' lifestyle choices within homes that impact on energy use and their motivation to conserve energy. The results help to identify methods to increase the uptake of sustainability practices that will reduce greenhouse gas emissions in residential buildings. Design/methodology/approach -A postal survey was adopted as the quickest and most cost-effective way of surveying a large sample of householders across Australia. The survey was sent to 2,500 randomly selected residents, 500 in each of the five largest Australian cities by population. Findings -The results identified that barriers to energy efficiency in households include: larger homes and smaller households; initial costs of sustainable features, and a lack of consumer information about benefits and savings from incorporating energy-efficient devices. The most common reason why people are not acting in more sustainable ways is inconvenience or laziness.Research limitations/implications -The response rate was very low and retired persons were over-represented, as they are the people with more time to answer surveys. Further research is warranted to achieve a larger, more representative sample. Practical implications -These results will be useful to Government policy makers as they help to identify methods to increase the uptake of sustainable features and energy conservation in homes. Originality/value -This study is the first attempt at a nation-wide study of residential behavior to help reduce greenhouse gas emissions in homes.

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Pica appeared to have an unusually high prevalence in patients with sickle cell disease and a correlation with lower Hb levels. It is unclear whether pica is a specific marker of disease severity, because our review did not show a relationship to increased number and duration of hospitalizations. The association between pica and low body weight suggests a nutritional effect on its prevalence.

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