Solid electrolyte memories utilizing voltage‐induced resistance change display the capability of multilevel switching, but understanding of the microscopic switching mechanism has been left incomplete. Here, in situ TEM observation of voltage‐induced changes in the microstructure of a solid electrolyte memory is reported, revealing that the multilevel switching originates from the growth of multiple conducting filaments with nanometer‐sized diameter and spacing.
Conductivity switching phenomena controlled by external voltages have been investigated for various NiO films deposited by dc reactive sputtering methods. Pt∕NiO∕Pt capacitor structures with top electrodes of different diameters have showed increasing off-state current with the diameter of a top electrode and nearly the same on-state current independent of the diameter. Local conductivity switching behaviors have been observed in a series structure consisting of two Pt∕NiO∕Pt capacitors with different resistance values. By reasoning out conductivity switching mechanisms from the switching characteristics and introducing multilayers consisting of NiO layers with different resistance values, we have reduced the reset current by two orders of magnitude.
During the last decade, the first autonomous under-In this paper, details of the development of ODIN-Ill are water robot Of the Autonomous system Laboratory Of the UNversity of Hawaii, ODIN (0"-Directional Intelligent Navigator) built in 1991 has produced a lot of valuable results in development control methods 11-51. Recently, ODIN was bo,.,, again in the 3rd eeneration with unioue features under recent techuoloeies described,-as well as the basic algorithm for the framework, and experimental results for a fine motion control scheme using a null motion solution considering practical issues such as energy consumption and thruster saturation. such-as abundant system resources owing to a PC104+, iew vehicle system software architectures with an object-oriented concept and its implementation, a graphical user interface and an independent algorithm module using a dynamic linking library (DLL) based on the Windows operating system. These give us an ideal enrimnment for developing various algorithms which are needed for developing an advanced underwater mbotic vehicle. This paper describes details of the development of ODIN-111 and presents Initial experimental results for fine motion control.
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