PurposeIpilimumab improves survival in advanced melanoma patients. However, the efficacy and safety of ipilimumab has not been evaluated in Asian melanoma patients with a high frequency of mucosal and acral melanoma subtypes.Materials and MethodsAdvanced melanoma patients treated with 3 mg/kg ipilimumab in a Korean multicenter named-patient program (NPP) were evaluated between September 2014 and July 2015. Baseline characteristics and blood parameters including neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were assessed, and outcome and adverse events were evaluated according to subtypes.ResultsA total of 104 advanced melanoma patients were treated. The primary sites were acral (31.7%), mucosal (26%), cutaneous (26%), uveal (9.6%), and unknown (6.7%). Sixty-eight patients (65.4%) experienced adverse events, and the most common toxicity was skin rash (22.1%), 10 patients (9.6%) experienced adverse events of grade 3 or higher. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 2.73 months (95% confidence interval, 2.67 to 2.85), and there was no difference in PFS according to subtypes. Poor performance status, liver metastasis, and NLR (≥ 5) were independent poor prognostic factors by multivariate analysis.ConclusionIn the Korean NPP cohort, ipilimumab showed similar efficacy and tolerability compared to Western patients, regardless of subtypes. All subtypes should benefit from ipilimumab with consideration of performance status, liver metastasis, and NLR.

Summary In this paper, we consider a global regulation problem for a class of feedforward nonlinear systems. The key features of our considered system are identified by the presence of uncertain time‐varying parameters associated with main diagonal states and input and an unknown time‐varying delay in the input. Moreover, the growth rates of nonlinearity and the input‐delay are only known to be finite. To solve our considered problem, we give a process to obtain a compact set that contains the allowed time‐varying parameters. Then, we propose an adaptive controller which handles both unknown growth rate of nonlinearity and input‐delay for system regulation. We carry out the rigorous system analysis and show the effectiveness of our proposed control scheme via an application example.

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