Background: The unmet need of family planning refers to the gap between reproduction intention of a couple and their contraceptive behavior. According to NFHS-4 the unmet need for family planning is 12.9 in India. The objectives of the study were to assess the unmet need for family planning and to find out the contraceptive choices among married women.Methods: This cross sectional study was undertaken in the rural field practice area of Department of Community Medicine, Index Medical College, Indore, from October 2016 to March 2017. Total sample size calculated was 640. Systematic random sampling was used to select eligible couple a pretested, semi-structured questionnaire was administered to women of reproductive age (15-49 year) in local Hindi language after taking consent.Results: Out of 640 participants 39 (6.1%) were desiring pregnancy, 454 (70.9%) using contraceptives while 147 (23%) had unmet need and among them 74 (11.6%) for limiting while 73 (11.4%) for spacing. Unmet need was found more in age group of 15-24 (35%), Muslims (48.6%), illiterates (45.9%), housewives (24.4%) and in poor socioeconomic status (53.4%). Overall contraceptive use was 70.9% and tubectomy (60.8%) was the most preferred method followed by male condom and OCP. Unmet need was higher among those who were not having male child (p=0.00, X2=42.2).The main reasons for not using contraception was identified as family interference and cultural as well as religious restrictions.Conclusions: The study conclude that still there is need to create awareness regarding importance of spacing method as well as limiting methods and to clear the myths regarding contraceptives not only in young couples but also in other family members.

Background: Alcohol consumption is one of the public health problems in India which acts as major attributable risk factor for majority of morbidity and mortality among adults. The objectives of the study were to find out the prevalence of alcohol consumption and its associated factors in rural area by using a WHO tool, AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test) and to identify extent and pattern of alcohol consumption.Methods: This study was cross-sectional study. Three hundred sixty four male patients ≥15 years of age, attending OPD in a primary health care setting were interviewed by using a structured questionnaire and AUDIT.Results: The overall prevalence of ever consumed alcohol was found to be 49.7%; of which 38.2% were current drinkers and 11.5% were former drinkers while rest 50.3% were life time abstainers. Educational status, occupation, tobacco use and positive family history were significantly associated with alcohol consumption; while type and size of family, socioeconomic status were found insignificant association. About 53.9% preferred country-made liquor while 23.8% Indian Made Foreign Liquor (IMFL). Enjoyment (45.3%), relaxation or stress buster or social cause (29.5%), peer pressure (25.2%) being the reasons for alcohol consumption. In 33% of consumers, daily drinking and in 36% consumers, 1-5 times per week frequency for alcohol drinking was seen respectively. Three fourth of them purchased alcohol from local shops. Out of 364 subjects 75% belongs to AUDIT score of low risk, 11.2% with alcohol use in excess of low risk, 3.6% with harmful and hazardous drinking and 10.2% with dependent drinking.Conclusions: In our study, alcoholism is found to be more common among illiterates, non-formers, among tobacco users and those having positive family history. Socio economic status and age is not the bar for alcohol consumption.

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Introduction: Hypertension is a chronic condition of concern due to its role in the causation of coronary heart disease, stroke and other vascular complications. Objectives of this study were to find out prevalence of hypertension among adults of rural community and association between hypertension and its risk factors. Methodology: Cross sectional community-based study was done with a sample of 501 adults between 18 to 60 years of age including both men (244) and women (257). A pretested semi-structured proforma was used collect data by trained doctors. Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension was found to be 32.13 %. Higher prevalence found among males (34%), age group 51-60 year (49.5%) and in class III SES (38.9%). Hypertension was found to be significantly associated with family history of hypertension (OR=2.41, CI= 1.50-3.80), smoking (OR= 1.78, CI=1.08-2.93), alcohol use (OR=1.8, CI=1.20-2.60), high salt intake (OR= 3.2, CI=1.80-5.45), junk food consumption (OR=2.40, CI=1.63-3.52), physical inactivity (OR=2.8, CI=1.90-4.14), overweight (OR=3.14, CI=2.11-4.66) and obesity (OR=3.78, CI=2.41-5.95). Conclusion: Increasing prevalence of hypertension in rural areas is major public health problem. Appropriate strategies are needed to create awareness regarding risk factors of hypertension.