Stillbirth is a devastating pregnancy outcome that not only has emotional, psychological, and financial consequences for affected women and families, 1 but also impacts individual healthcare workers, health care networks and the wider society. 2 The global stillbirth rate is estimated to be 18.4 per 1000 births, equating to approximately 2.6 million stillbirths every year. 3 The World Health Organization's (WHO) Every Newborn: An Action Plan to End Preventable Deaths aims to reduce the stillbirth rate to ≤12 per 1000 births by 2030 worldwide. 4 For countries already meeting this target, mostly high-income nations, the Every Newborn initiative aims to reduce equity gaps within the population. 4,5 Despite similar access to healthcare services, 6 inequities in stillbirth rates continue to persist in high income nations, especially in certain minority ethnic groups. For example, women of ethnic minorities who birth in Australia or Europe have stillbirth rates 2-3 times higher than Caucasian women. 7-9 A similar trend is observed
We report a unique uterine neoplasm, favoured to represent an isolated extrapulmonary lymphangioleiomyoma with unusual pathological features, in a postmenopausal woman without tuberous sclerosis complex. The large neoplasm consisted of smooth muscle fascicles and cystic spaces lined by lymphatic cells, which were negative for the melanocytic staining that is characteristically positive in lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM). There are fewer than 30 cases of uterine LAM reported, none of which have demonstrated this morphology or these immunohistochemical findings. The origin of LAM cells in the more typical pulmonary LAM remains unclear; the unusual features in this case may represent a distinct pathological entity or a rare variant of typical extrapulmonary LAM, and may contribute to determining the cellular origin of these rare tumours. Conversely, this may represent a case of ‘prepulmonary’ LAM, providing supporting evidence for a possible gynaecological origin of these tumours in the broader affected (almost exclusively female) population.
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