Hearing loss is a risk factor for a child’s appropriate psychosocial development but is not a risk factor for the development of resiliency. Thus, the aim of this research was to determine the level of resiliency, as well as its relation to internal and external factors, in deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) adolescents. The sample included 55 DHH students, 12–14 years of age. Resiliency Scales for Children & Adolescents was used in this research. The obtained results showed that DHH students perceived their resiliency in the average range, except in subscales: Self-efficacy (within Sense of Mastery Scale), Social Support (within Sense of Relatedness Scale), Impairment (within Emotional Reactivity Scale) in which the results were within a higher range, and Recovery (within Emotional Reactivity Scale) in which the results were in a lower range.
This study presents a construction and psychometric evaluation of the Religious Identity Status Questionnaire -RISQ for the assessment of the religious identity status according to Marcia's ego identity status approach. The initial item pool was generated based on Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, Marcia's ego identity status approach and interviews with adolescents and young adults. A factor analysis of the initial item pool was performed on data obtained from a sample of 394 secondary school and university students from Serbia to select items for the questionnaire. Validity of the questionnaire was examined on a sample of 1155 subjects. The results of the CFA suggest that subscales of the RISQ measure four factors corresponding to the identity statuses of Marcia's model. Correlations with ideological identity subscales of the EOM-EIS-2 suggest the convergent validity of the questionnaire. Configural measurement invariance was established for gender and denominational groups. Metric invariance was established for gender and among orthodox and catholic participants, whereas scalar invariance was established for gender, but not for denominational groups. Highlights:• The RISQ is based on Marcia's ego identity status model. and allows the assessment of religious ego identity status. • Results support construct and convergent validity of the RISQ. • Gender groups show full scalar invariance, while only configural invariance is supported for denominational groups.
1 stojkovic.irena@yahoo.com 2 Rad je realizovan u okviru projekta "Efekti primenjene zičke aktivnosti na lokomotorni, metabolički, psiho-socijalni i vaspitni status populacije R Srbije" pod brojem III 47015, a kao deo potprojekta "Efekti primenjene zičke aktivnosti na lokomotorni, metabolički, psiho-socijalni i vaspitni status populacije osoba sa posebnim potrebama R Srbije" koji je nansiran od strane Ministarstva za nauku i tehnološki razvoj R Srbije -Ciklus naučnih projekata 2011-2014.Specijalna edukacija i rehabilitacija (Beograd), Vol. 12, br. 4. 455-479, 2013. 456Ključne reči: problemi u ponašanju, adolescenti, odnos roditeljdete; škola, vršnjački odnosi UVOD Adolescencija je razdoblje između detinjstva i zrelog doba u kome se odvija telesno i psihičko sazrevanje. Mada nema opšteg uzrasnog određenja inteligencije, često se adolescentnim označava period od oko jedanaest, do ranih dvadesetih godina (Steinberg, 1996). U istraživanju psihosocijalnih problema tokom adolescentnog perioda, široko je prihvaćena podela na dve kategorije problema: eksternalizujuće i internalizujuće (Achenbach & Edelbrock, 1987). Internalizujućima se nazivaju emocionalni, kognitivni i telesni problemi kao što su depresivnost, anksioznost, sniženo samopoštovanje i poremećaji ishrane. Naziv "internalizujući" potiče od pretpostavke da su ovi problemi u većoj meri usmereni ka vlastitoj ličnosti, a manje ka socijalnom okruženju. Nasuprot ovome, eksternalizujući su oni problemi koji su usmereni ka spolja, odnosno vezani su za odnos osobe prema drugim osobama, društvenim institucijama i normama. U njih se ubrajaju agresivnost, delinkvencija, zloupotreba alkohola, duvana, droga i izraženi otpor prema društvenim očekivanjima.Eksternalizujući problemi se u literaturi često nazivaju samo problemima u ponašanju što ćemo i mi prihvatiti u ovom radu. Korišćenje izraza problemi u ponašanju u skladu je sa Teorijom problema u ponašanju Džesora (Jessor) i saradnika, koju su Stejnberg i Moris procenili kao verovatno najuticajniju među teorijskim okvirima za objašnjenje neprilagođenosti tokom adolescencije (Steinberg & Morris, 2001). Prema toj teoriji, problemi u ponašanju se de nišu kao "ponašanje koje odstupa od normi -i društvenih i zakonskih -šireg društva; to je ponašanje koje je socijalno neodobravano od institucija autoriteta i za koje postoji tendencija da pobudi neki oblik odgovora socijalne kontrole -bilo blagi prekor, socijalno odbacivanje ili čak hapšenje" (Donovan, 2005, str. 873). Problemi u ponašanju obuhvataju korišćenje alkohola, problematično pijenje, pušenje cigareta, korišćenje marihuane i drugih ilegalnih droga, opšte devijantno ponašanje (delinkventno ponašanje i druge postupke kršenja normi), rizičnu vožnju i prevremene seksualne odnose (Donovan, ibid.).
The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between children's and adults' contact with persons with hearing impairments and their attitudes towards these persons. The sample included children aged 10 (N = 100) and their parents (N= 192). We compared the attitudes of subjects who live near a residential school for deaf pupils and because of that are in frequent contact with them, with the attitudes of subjects who do not live near an institution for deaf pupils. The results show that subjects who have more contact with hearing impaired persons have more tolerant attitudes towards them. The results are in line with the findings of previous studies on this issue.Key words: inclusion; persons with disabilities; social attitudes.---SažetakCilj istraživanja je ispitati vezu između kontakta koji djeca i odrasli imaju s osobama s oštećenjem sluha i njihova stava prema tim osobama. Uzorak se sastojao od djece u dobi od 10 godina (100 djece) i njihovih roditelja (192 roditelja). Stavove ispitanika koji žive blizu škole koju pohađaju gluhi učenici i zbog toga su u čestome kontaktu s njima usporedili smo sa stavovima ispitanika koji ne žive blizu ustanove za gluhe učenike. Rezultati pokazuju da ispitanici koji imaju više kontakata s osobama s oštećenjem sluha imaju uvelike tolerantniji stav prema njima. Rezultati su u skladu s rezultatima prijašnjih istraživanja o toj temi. Ključne riječi: inkluzija; osobe s invaliditetom; stavovi društva.
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