This paper gives an overview of atmospheric pressure plasma types used in the textile industry and recent developments in plasma treatments of textiles. It investigates the topic of the influence of atmospheric pressure plasma treatment on the surface properties of materials made from natural and synthetic fibers. Through plasma induced physical and chemical reactions occurring in the textile surface layer, significant modifications in micromorphology and reactivity can be achieved. In addition to cleaning, etching, and activation, great efforts have been made in the development of plasma polymerization processes under atmospheric pressure. Utilization of atmospheric pressure plasma technology in the textile industry offers a new perspective on surface modification and functionalization. This paper gives a summary of textile properties achieved using plasma and the underlying processes based on relevant findings obtained from prominent research.

This paper presents the application of conventional potassium aluminium sulphate wool mordanting and a biochemical method with silver nitrate (as antimicrobial agent and mordant), alone and in combination with oxygen plasma, as part of comprehensive research into pretreatment processes for wool dyeing with natural extract from pomegranate peel (Punica granatum L.). Pretreatment with oxygen plasma significantly improved the hydrophilicity and tensile strength of all tested samples and showed that oxygen plasma can improve K/S, washing fastness, and even replace certain mordants in wool dyeing with natural pomegranate dye. All dyed samples exhibited good antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, which can be contributed to the phenol content in pomegranate dye. Only after 28 days of intensive ageing in natural weathering conditions did K/S and antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae slightly decrease in dyed samples pretreated with oxygen plasma.

In this paper the determination of pseudo Poisson’s ratio of woven fabric with a digital image correlation method is presented. Measurements were performed on three cotton woven fabric samples which were prepared according the standard ISO 13934-1:1999. The fabric sample was exposed to tensile loading of 1% strain on a tensile test machine. Testing was simultaneous recording with a digital video camera. These video recordings were afterwards processed in the MATLAB program and the pseudo Poisson’s ratio determined according to the displacement in the x and y axis directions. The pseudo Poisson’s ratio was determined for three woven fabrics in the warp and weft directions. The results of the investigation show that the values of the pseudo Poisson’s ratio are in the range from 0.2 to 0.5, which agrees with results also found in the literature. According to the investigation it can be concluded that the value of the pseudo Poisson’s ratio depends on the weave type and the number of yarns in the fabric. For woven fabric in plain weave a higher pseudo Poisson’s ratio is determined (warp direction from 0.335 to 0.500, weft direction from 0.392 to 0.484). The pseudo Poisson’s ratio for woven fabric in twill weave has values in the warp direction from 0.281 to 0.329, and in the weft direction from 0.183 to 0.214.

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The main physical-mechanical parameters of modal yarns (unevenness, faults, hairiness and spectrograms) were compared with the parameters of micro modal yarns of the same fi neness and end-use. The diff erence in tenacity and elongation at break of diff erent types of modal and micro modal-spun yarns is determined by yarn structure. The highest tenacity was achieved in the oriented structure of ring-spun yarn, followed by air-jet-spun and rotor-spun yarn, in the case of both modal and micro modal fi bres. All types of modal yarns diff er in overall unevenness and in terms of micro modal fi bres. The values of the overall unevenness of ring-, rotor-and air-jet-spun modal yarns are greater than or equal to the same values of micro modal yarns. The spinning technique, and thus the yarn structure, determine the level of overall yarn evenness. The number of faults at diff erent levels of sensitivity measurement to detect the highest number of thin and thick places and neps (-30%, +35% and +140%) is greater in rotor-and air-jet-spun yarn than in ring-spun yarn for both levels of fi bre fi neness. Periodic faults of short wavelengths with signifi cant amplitude increase the number of yarn faults to a certain extent. Rotor-spun micro modal yarn shows the highest deviation from ideal unevenness, while ring-spun modal yarn shows the lowest deviation. Yarn hairiness depends on the spinning technique. Finer fi bres cause lower hairiness in all yarn types. Keywords: modal fi bre, micro modal fi bre, man-made cellulosic fi bre, properties