A 1-month-old female infant presented with a lump in the right hypochondrium extending into the right iliac fossa. Ultrasonography and computed tomography suggested an intestinal duplication cyst or a gall bladder cyst. Exploratory laparotomy revealed it to be a congenital gall bladder duplication cyst without associated complications. It was removed after confirming the presence of a normal gall bladder. The infant's postoperative course was uneventful. This unusual presentation of congenital gall bladder duplication cyst prompted us to report this case.

A 15-month-old female presented with a large swelling on the left lateral aspect of the neck and respiratory distress, and stridor due to incomplete obstruction of the upper airway. A lateral X-ray film and computerized tomography scan of the cervical spine showed a retropharyngeal abscess without vertebral involvement. Aspiration and contrast revealed it to be a bilobed tubercular abscess. Planned external drainage was done after 10 days under anti-tubercular drugs.

Background: The objective of our study was to perform retrospective analysis of management of prostatic abscess in a tertiary care hospital in northeast India.Methods: This was a single tertiary care hospital based retrospective analysis of management of 24 patients diagnosed with prostatic abscess, between January 2015 and January 2020. Diagnosis of prostatic abscess was confirmed by trans-rectal ultrasonography (TRUS) and/or computed tomography (CT) scan/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) prostate. Various treatment modalities used in our study were conservative, transurethral resection of prostatic abscess (TURP), TRUS-guided trans-rectal drainage/aspiration, trans-urethral drainage (TUD) + trans-urethral incision (TUI).Results: On analysing 24 patients diagnosed with prostatic abscess, mean age was 46.12 years (range, 17 to 73 years), the mean prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was 17.3 ng/ml (range, 2 to 40.0 ng/ml), mean prostatic abscess volume was 33 cubic mm (range, 10 to 75 gm). All patients were hospitalised, on admission all patients were started on intravenous antibiotics (3rd-generation cephalosporin along with an amino-glycoside) or antibiotics as per urine culture report. Diabetes mellitus was most common associated co-morbidity present in almost 50% of patients. Patients presented with dysuria (75%), urinary retention (29%) fever (25%) and perineal pain. Cases were managed by surgical approach after failure of conservative management.Conclusions: Early surgical intervention for prostatic abscess reduces morbidity and mortality associated with it. TRUS guided drainage can be performed under local anaesthesia, are better suited for small localised abscess but associated with increase hospital stay. Trans-urethral drainage are better suited for elderly patient with large prostate volume.

No abstract

Background: Urolithiasis affects between 5-10% of the population during their lifetime, 2-3% of them are children. In the last decade, technological advancement and miniaturization of instruments has changed the management of pediatric urinary-stone disease. Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) has been preferred method of management of pediatric stone disease, whereas the endoscopic approach is limited to a few centers.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted among the pediatric patients (6-15 years) presenting with urolithiasis during 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2019 to the department of urology, Dispur hospital Pvt. Ltd., Assam. Only confirmed cases of pediatric urolithiasis were included in this study. Medical records were reviewed for clinical and laboratory data including gender, age at diagnosis, clinical presentation, presence of urinary tract anomalies, and urinary tract infections (UTI) in the form of urinalysis, urine culture and complete blood count. Metabolic evaluation was advised in all children. Finally, a total of 100 pediatric urolithiasis cases were included in this study.Results: ESWL was performed in 28 children. The stone-free rate was 85.7%. The total number of shocks per treatment ranged from 1000 to 2000. A total of 10 percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNLs) were done with complete stone clearance in 83.33%. In the URS group, urethroscopy was successful in 20 cases (75%). Cystolithotripsy was done in 08 cases with 100% clearance rate. 30 patients were managed conservatively.Conclusions: ESWL is highly effective in children for small stone burden. Early metabolic evaluation and treatment may prevent further renal damage and recurrence.