Facial Expression analysis is an interesting and challenging problem and has applications in many areas such as human computer interaction and robotics. Deriving an effective facial representation from original face images is an important step for successful facial expression recognition. In this paper, we are evaluating 2DPCA and LBP+2DPCA for facial representation. The three stages of facial expression recognition are pre-processing, features extraction and classification. Many researchers' uses face detection as a pre-processing step which improves the accuracy but also increases the time complexity of the system. To reduce the computational complexity we propose to apply 2DPCA on input images directly. Our system has achieved high accuracy as well as very low time complexity. This system is suitable for real time applications. To improve the accuracy of the system we have applied 2DPCA on LBP images in place of original images .. The comparative analysis of both methods is done on the basis of their recognition accuracy and time complexity through experimental results. The proposed system has achieved the recognition rate of 95.12% for 2DPCA and 95.83 % for LBP+2DPCA. The time required to recognize an expression for 2DPCA is very less as compared to other contemporary methods.
Web Services are widely adapted for integrating heterogeneous information systems in a cost-efficient way. Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) messages are standard way to exchange the information between web services. Web Services Security (WS-Security) specification is used to secure SOAP messages but adds significant overhead on SOAP message processing. It increases the size of the message on the wire. Also web services are vulnerable to several attacks. Processing efficiency and robustness against certain attacks are important issues of web services security. Schema validation and Hardening are the promising methods to prevent web services from such attacks but have performance bottleneck. A new Parallel Stream based Security Processing model has been developed in order to enhance the performance of WS-Security processing and to secure web services from several attacks. A new methodology is described in the paper in which large SOAP messages are partitioned into schema valid parts. Individual parts are distributed to parallel instances of security processors running on multiple cores in order to reduce the processing load. Experiments are conducted on different sizes of SOAP messages, various security patterns and respective processing time for each is analyzed. Analysis of results reveals that the new parallel stream based security processing model has shown significant improvement in performance as compared to the serial processing.
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