What are the novel findings of this work? Preterm delivery occurred in a higher proportion of women with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the PAN-COVID and AAP-SONPM registries compared to contemporaneous and historical national data from uninfected women in the UK and USA. The majority of preterm deliveries occurred between 32 + 0 and 36 + 6 weeks' gestation. SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy did not appear to be associated with a clinically significant effect on fetal growth, adverse neonatal outcome or the rate of stillbirth. Although maternal death was uncommon, the rate was higher than expected based on UK and USA population data, which is likely explained by underascertainment of women affected by milder or asymptomatic infection in pregnancy in the PAN-COVID study, although not in the AAP-SONPM study. What are the clinical implications of this work? Pregnant women should be counseled that SARS-CoV-2 infection increases the risk of preterm delivery but not stillbirth, early neonatal death or a small baby. Healthcare providers should recommend SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in pregnant women and women planning pregnancy, alongside enhanced social distancing.

Electroless Ni-P composite coatings have gained a good deal of popularity and acceptance in recent years as they provide considerable improvement of desirable qualities such as hardness, wear, abrasion resistance, etc. The disagreement among researchers on the corrosion behaviour of these coatings warrants a thorough investigation. Among the various techniques available for the determination of corrosion resistance, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is considered to be superior as it provides not only an assessment of the corrosion resistance of dierent deposits but also enables the mechanistic pathway by which the deposits become corroded to be determined. The present investigation focuses on the evaluation of the corrosion resistance of electroless Ni-P and Ni-P-Si 3 N 4 , Ni-P-CeO 2 and Ni-P-TiO 2 composite coatings produced using an acidic hypophosphite-reduced electroless nickel bath, using EIS. The study makes evident that the same fundamental reaction is occurring on all the coatings of the present study but over a dierent eective area in each case. The charge transfer resistance of electroless Ni-P and Ni-P composite deposits are in the range 32,253±90,700 W cm 2 , whereas the capacitances of these coatings are in the range 11±17 lF/cm 2 . The improved corrosion resistance obtained for electroless Ni-P and Ni-P composite coatings is due to the enrichment of phosphorus on the electrode surface, which enables the preferential hydrolysis of phosphorus over that of nickel. The better corrosion resistance obtained for electroless Ni-P composite coatings can be ascribed to the decrease in the eective metallic area prone to corrosion. Among the three electroless Ni-P composite coatings, the corrosion resistance is in the following order: Ni-P-CeO 2 =Ni-P-Si 3 N 4 >Ni-P-TiO 2 .

Objective: To explore risk factors associated with falls and to evaluate a strategy used by nurses to predict and prevent falls in a hospitalised cohort of elderly patients. Design: A case-control study of risk factors for falls in hospital. Setting: A district general hospital in the UK. Subjects: Altogether 181 patients in an acute integrated medical unit who had fallen were matched for age with 181 patients in the next bed who had not fallen. Results: It was found that 46% (84 of 181) of the fallers were taking one or more benzodiazepines compared with 27% (48 of 181) of the control patients (p<0.001). More fallers 20% (34 of 181) had their benzodiazepines prescribed during their current admission compared with 7% (13 of 181) of the control patients (p<0.001). Temazepam was the main benzodiazepine used by over 95% of cases and controls. Overall 25% (45 of 181) of the fallers had fallen before during the current admission. The logistic regression analysis showed that only a previous fall, benzodiazepine intake, and the need for maximum assistance were significant predictors of falling in hospital, odds ratios were 5.6 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.7 to 11.6), 2.3 (95% CI 1.4 to 3.7), and 3.1 (95% CI 1.9 to 5.2) respectively. Most fallers had been identified at risk of falling (125; 69%) by ward staff and in 113 (90%) of those preventive measures had been undertaken. Falls were least likely to occur during visiting hours with a peak incidence during night-time. Conclusion: There is a need for evidenced based successful fall prevention strategies but our study also reinforces an urgent public health message that an alternative to benzodiazepines should be sought for night sedation for older patients. F alls and related injuries are a serious clinical and public health problem in acute and non-acute care settings and the community.1 For inpatients falls are associated with increased duration of stay in hospital and a greater chance of unplanned readmission or of discharge to residential or nursing home care.2 Many potentially modifiable medical and environmental risk factors have been identified. For example, the use of benzodiazepines in elderly patients has been found to be associated with an increased incidence of falls, morbidity and mortality, but a large number of these patients still being prescribed benzodiazepines. [3][4][5][6] Despite the presence of strong evidence that falls are preventable, they still remain a major cause of morbidity in hospitalised elderly patients with paucity of evidence for successful preventive strategies. The aims of this case-control study were therefore to explore risk factors associated with falls and also evaluate a risk assessment and prevention strategy in a hospitalised cohort of elderly patients. SUBJECTS AND METHODSThe study was conducted over a four month period at a 650 bed district general hospital in South Yorkshire. The integrated medical unit has 168 beds on seven wards, admitting unselected patients on the basis of need. FallsEvery working day one of us visit...

JAK2 kinase inhibitors are a promising new class of agents for the treatment of myeloproliferative neoplasms and have potential for the treatment of other diseases possessing a deregulated JAK2-STAT pathway. X-ray structure and ADME guided refinement of C-4 heterocycles to address metabolic liability present in dialkylthiazole 1 led to the discovery of a clinical candidate, BMS-911543 (11), with excellent kinome selectivity, in vivo PD activity, and safety profile.