BACKGROUND: Neurodynamic tests (NDT) have shown to be useful in evaluating neural tissue involvement. Clinicians evaluate NDT using range of motion, sensory responses like location or quality of symptoms, Nerve conduction values and compare its results with normal values. Currently, there are no studies in lumbar radiculopathy patients that define the normal response to peroneal neurodynamic test (NDTPER) PURPOSE: To study the sensory responses to neurodynamic testing of peroneal nerve in patients with lumbar radiculopathy. DESIGN: A cross sectional study design. METHODS: NDTPER was performed on 57 patients with lumbar radiculopathy. Hip flexion angle was taken at the onset of symptoms (P1) and point of maximally tolerated symptoms (P2), quality and distribution of symptoms were recorded. Sensory nerve conduction velocity measure (SNCV) was also noted in those patients. MAIN RESULTS: The descriptor of nature of sensory responses most often used by patients was tingling (28.07%) in the lateral foot (26.32% ). Hip flexion was significantly higher at P2 than P1 (mean difference: 22.54±3.73°; 95% CI: 21.55°, 23.54°; p <  0.0001). The SNCV of affected limb was marginally reduced but not statistically significant compared to contralateral limb (mean difference: –1.467±0.8013; 95% CI: –3.054, 0.1209; p = 0.0698). CONCLUSION: This study describes the hip angle at which symptoms are reproduced, nature and distribution of sensory responses to the NDTPER in patients with lumbar radiculopathy. However, the sensory nerve conduction velocity of affected limb was reduced marginally but not statistically significant as compared to unaffected limb.

Background: Patients with hyper flexion/hyper abduction injury to the glen humeral joint are at risk for isolated greater tuberosity fractures. There are typically 2 mechanisms of injury for greater tuberosity fractures: impaction and avulsion injury. Case Presentation: A 24-year-old male patient sustained a shoulder injury as the result of a fall while driving. Left greater tuberosity avulsion fracture was treated with arthroscopic anchor suture ORIF and GT fixation was done. He was then advised physiotherapy and after one and half month, he again fell from stairs which led to an identical fracture on the same side. ORIF with GT fixation with biotape and biowire was done. Physiotherapy treatment was then resumed after 3-4 days. Active assisted range of motion exercises with core activation, isometrics, and strengthening for shoulder joint with scapular muscle was given. Pre and post physiotherapy treatment outcomes for pain, range of motion, muscle strength, disability and kinesiophobia were measured. Result: After 2 months of physiotherapy treatment, patient reported decrease in pain, TSK score, SPADI score and improvement in shoulder ranges with muscle strength. Conclusion: Early physiotherapy after surgery for greater tuberosity avulsion fracture decreased pain and kinesiophobia with improvement of range, muscle strength and functional abilities of shoulder joint. Key words: Greater tuberosity avulsion fracture, Physiotherapy, kinesiophobia.

Lateral ankle sprain is most common injury occurred during sports after forceful inversion. A comprehensive rehabilitation protocol is needed for faster recovery and avoiding recurrence. A case of 23-year-old male, amateur football player, had an injury to his left ankle. He developed sudden onset of pain, swelling and was not able to bear weight on his left ankle. Orthopaedic doctor suggested him 6 weeks of immobilization in plaster cast after confirmation of anterior talo-fibular ligament grade III and Posterior talo-fibular ligament and Deltoid ligament grade I sprain on MRI. After cast removal, he was referred to physiotherapy. The patient presented with pain, swelling, decrease muscle strength, kinesiophobia and incomplete ROM of the left ankle joint. A customized physiotherapy protocol was followed for 12 weeks after immobilization period. Phase wise integrated manual therapy program along with exercise training showed significant improvement in ankle joint function after lateral ankle sprain.

Background -Adhesive capsulitis is a nonspecific chronic inflammatory reaction of tissues in the Glenohumeral joint which causes synovial thickening. This Thickening results in limited range of motion (ROM) most commonly seen in Shoulder abduction and external rotation. The onset can be insidious or occur after an injury. Aim -The purpose of this case report is to describe proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation with scapular stabilization exercise Interventions on pain, range and function for a patient with adhesive capsulitis. Case Description:-The patient was a 50-year-old right-handed male who presented with left Shoulder pain and limited range of motion (ROM) The diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis was determined following mechanism of Injury, past medical history, and physical therapy examination and evaluation. Intervention:-The patient was seen for a total of 12 physical therapy sessions over the Span of 3 weeks. Interventions included a proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, Scapular stabilization exercise including Scapular clock exercise,shoulder sling exercise and Lawnmower exercise .Outcome measures included ROM measurements, pain Ratings, the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) Conclusion -Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation with Scapular stability exercise were found to be effective interventions for a patient with adhesive capsulitis.

The smartphone supersedes the capability of the cellular phone, as it offers the user internet access, in addition to various applications for social, finical, entertainment, and healthcare needs. So, the aim of the study prevalence of the musculoskeletal disorder in people using smartphones ranging from the age group of 18 to 30 years. Objective: To find out musculoskeletal disorders occurring due to smartphone use. A total of 500 participates were screened according to the inclusion criteria all the participants were assessed for pain using the visual analogue scale in who use a smartphone. In the age group 18-30 years, 3 groups were made. The first group was between 18-21 years, the second group was 22-25 years, and the third group 26-30 years respectively. 18-21 years age group had 169 affected respondents. Area A represents the index, middle and lateral half of the ring finger. Area B represents the medial half of the ringer finger and little finger, Area C represents Thumb, Area D represents the central palmar aspect, Area E represents the Thenar eminence and Area F represents the Hypothenar region of the hand. The present study shows that the overall prevalence of the musculoskeletal disorder in smartphone users is 68%. Males are more affected than females. In this study neck and thumb were more affected regions compared to other parts of the body, secondary to the neck and thumb, the wrist is the affected region. Long-time use of smartphones leads to the repeated strain injury of the wrist and thumb, long time flexion of the neck during smartphone use leads to neck pain.