Background: considering the close link between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and metabolic syndrome considerable research has been devoted to study the pattern of fat distribution in PCOS. Objectives: The study is aimed to assess usefulness of dual energy X-Ray absorptiometry (DEXA) based regional fat distribution indices as predictor of development of PCOS. Methods: This cross sectional study recruited diagnosed cases of PCOS using Rotterdam Criteria (cases n=86) and healthy age matched controls (n=90). DEXA was performed in both the groups for assessment of total and regional body fat distribution after undergoing ultrasonography (USG) and baseline/biochemical evaluation. Results: the study revealed significant difference between cases and controls in trunk fat percentage (40.2 % ± 9.1% vs 26.5%±9.1%; p < 0.001) , android fat percentage (42.4%±41%vs 27.8%±1.51%; p<0.001), total fat percentage (43.8%±8% vs28.5%±1.6%;p<0.001), Fat Mass/Ht2 (fat mass index)( 8.82±3%vs4.8±1.7%;p<0.001), Android/Gynoid ratio(1.05±0.1vs0.7±0.2; p<0.001), trunk/limb fat mass ratio(1.06±0.3vs0.69±0.3;p,0.001).Multivariate analysis revealed significant relation of trunk fat mass with android % fat, Gynoid fat mass, and android-gynoid ratio. Conclusions: the study demonstrates that there is central pattern of fat distribution in patients with PCOS while the overall fat might not be increased which is well analyzed by DEXA. Hence, we suggest its use in initial diagnostic work up and follow up of PCOS patients for their body fat distribution and content.

Common variable immunodeficiency is characterized by decreased levels of immunoglobulins leading to repeated infections of chest, gastrointestinal tract, etc., Radiological findings and clinical suspicion could be helpful in diagnosing common variable immunodeficiency thereby decreasing mortality and morbidity associated with disease. We present radiological findings in a 20-year-old patient with laboratory findings supporting the diagnosis of common variable immunodeficiency.