La potencia muscular (PM) es relevante en el baloncesto, aunque no es clara su relación con el rendimiento físico y competitivo, cuando se manifiesta a diferentes cargas. Objetivo: analizar la relación entre la PM a varias cargas con el rendimiento físico y competitivo en baloncestistas. En 20 jugadores (edad 18.2 ± 5.1 años, peso 80.1 ± 13.7 kg, talla 185.6 ± 4.4 cm) se midió la fuerza máxima a través de 1RM y PM de 40% a 80% de 1RM en sentadilla media; carrera en 20 m lanzados, salto largo, test de Illinois con y sin balón y estadística de juego con Valoración Final (VAL). Se halló la mayor PM entre 70% y 80% de 1RM; La prueba Illinois con balón correlacionó con la PM en todas las cargas (p<.05) y la carrera en 20 m con potencia media entre 50% y 80% de 1RM. El VAL del torneo correlacionó con cargas medias y bajas en intentos de tiros de larga distancia (rho = .79; p<.01), convertidos (rho = .68; p<.05) y porcentaje de tiros de campo (rho = .70; p<.05). En el partido final varios tipos de tiros correlacionaron inversamente con cargas altas. Conclusión: hay relación entre PM, rendimiento físico y competitivo según la carga y debe considerarse para su entrenamiento en el baloncesto. Abstract. Muscle power (MP) is relevant in basketball, although its relationship with physical and competitive performance is not clear when it manifests itself at different overloads. Objective: to analyze the relationship between MP at various loads with physical and competitive performance in basketball players. In 20 players (age 18.2 ± 5.1 years, weight 80.1 ± 13.7 kg, height 185.6 ± 4.4 cm) maximum strength was measured through 1RM and PM from 40% to 80% of 1RM in the middle squat; 20 meters sprint launched, long jump, Illinois test with and without the ball and game statistics with Final Valuation (VAL). The highest MP was found between 70% and 80% of 1RM; The Illinois test with ball correlated with the MP in all loads (p <.05) and 20 meters sprint launched with medium power between 50% and 80% of 1RM. The tournament VAL correlated with medium and low loads in long-distance shot attempts (rho = .79; p<.01), converted (rho = .68; p<.05) and percentage of field goals (rho = .70; p<.05). In the final game various types of shots inversely correlated with high loads. Conclusion: there is a relationship between MP, physical and competitive performance according to the load and it should be considered for its training in basketball.
Este artículo analiza seis casos de construcción de redes familiares de migrantes de la costa pacífica ubicados en la zona del distrito de Aguablanca en la ciudad de Cali. Los autores examinan los procesos de conformación y constitución de 78 hogares, la movilidad social y residencial, la inserción al mercado laboral, las modalidades de unión conyugal y los tipos de tenencia de vivienda; todo esto relacionado con los ciclos de vida de varias generaciones que arribaron a Cali entre 1964 y 1996. En términos analíticos se trabaja con los conceptos de red, de hogar y de grupo doméstico. Por otra parte, se investigan los mecanismos de socialización y la distribución y manejo del capital doméstico.
El objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar la composición corporal y el somatotipo en jugadores de baloncesto de nivel universitario en Colombia según la posición de juego. La muestra fue de 131 jugadores (edad: 21.5 ± 2.7 años) de los equipos participantes en los juegos nacionales universitarios. Se tomaron 22 medidas antropométricas (cuatro básicas, ocho pliegues, tres diámetros y siete perímetros); se determinó la composición corporal y el somatotipo según posiciones de juego y región geográfica del país. Se hizo un análisis estadístico descriptivo y comparaciones con la prueba ANOVA de una vía con Pos Hoc de Bonferroni o Games-Howell según se distribuyeron los datos. Se encontró que, en cuanto a características antropométricas y de composición corporal como: peso, talla, envergadura, masa muscular y masa ósea, la población estudiada está por debajo de estándares para el baloncesto según la posición de juego, en comparación con estudios a nivel mundial. El somatotipo se clasificó como mesomorfo balanceado. Los armadores presentaron los mejores valores para la composición corporal. En un análisis secundario por región del país, sólo se observaron diferencias en el componente graso entre dos regiones. Se presentan tablas de distribución percentil por posición de juego como referencia para el baloncesto universitario colombiano. Abstract. The objective of the study was to characterize body composition and somatotype in college-level basketball players in Colombia according to playing position. Sample consisted of 131 players (age: 21.5 ± 2.7 years) from the teams participating in the national university games. 22 anthropometric measurements were taken (four basic, eight folds, three diameters and seven perimeters); body composition and somatotype were determined according to playing positions and geographic region of the country. Descriptive statistical analysis and comparisons with one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni`s or Games-Howell`s Pos Hoc tests were performed according to data distribution. It was found that, in terms of anthropometric and body composition characteristics such as: weight, height, arm span, muscle mass and bone mass, the studied population is below standards for basketball according to the playing position, compared to different studies worldwide. Somatotype was classified as balanced mesomorph. Guards presented the best values for body composition. In a secondary analysis by region of the country, only differences were observed in the fat component between two regions and no other differences that denoted predominance in body composition in any of these regions. Percentile distribution tables by playing position are presented as a reference for Colombian college basketball.
A sample of 1535 individuals of Elops saurus Linnaeus, 1766, from Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta (CGSM) and the adjacent sea was examined between February 1987 to January 1988 and May 1990 to February 1992. The main meristic and rriorphometric aspects of the species, as well as the size frequency, are presented. The Lenght-Weight relationship obtained was TW= 2.7399*10-ÿLT5 Q931, and the average condition factor K was 4.74. It was determinated that 96% of the sexed individuals were inmature and sexually undifferenciated and that the female-male ratio was 1.5:1. The smallest mature females collected was 520 mm in TL. We conclude that juveniles live in the CGSM and the adults in the sea, where spawning probably takes place during the whole year. Fecundity was estimated in 519400 eggs for 950 mm TL female. Stomach contents analysis suggest that the main component of the diet are engraulidids fish and penaeids shrimp. Some differences were detected in the diet in relation with seasons and size. The permanent capture of juveniles in the CGSM must be controlled in order to protect the population and avoid further unbalance in the fisheries and the ecosystem.
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