We describe a 28-year-old woman with a solitary fibrous tumor at supra-pubic subcutis. The sites affected by this mesenchymal tumor include pleuropulmonary, meningeal, gastrointestinal, bones, liver, kidney, thyroid, soft tissues, and skin. More often, they occur in the head, extremities, back and shoulder. Cutaneous lesions are frequently described in the head of female individuals. Predominant histological findings include fascicles of spindle cells, staghorn-like blood vessels, and a variable amount of mitotic figures up to 10 per 10 high-power fields. Classical immunohistochemistry markers are CD34, STAT-6, CD99, and Bcl-2; while the epithelial membrane antigen and the S100-protein are usually negative. This pattern associated with the lack of adnexal entrapment constitutes the major resource in differential diagnosis with superficial tumors CD34 positive; for instance, the spindle cell lipoma, and the dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Follow-up care after tumor excision plays a role in the early detection of a recurrence.

Nail involvement by pemphigus vulgaris is uncommon and has been associated with the severity of disease.

Malignant melanoma represents up to 5% of cutaneous cancers, but up to 75% of the cases have fatal outcomes. The early diagnosis and prompt treatment can reduce the impressive mortality rate of this ominous malignancy. Both amelanotic and melanotic melanoma may be associated with delayed clinical suspicion and late diagnosis, harmful occurrence that may be related to lack of awareness of health care workers or unusual site of the tumors. The manuscripts herein commented described exceeding rare presentations of this challenging malignant tumor. The purpose is to enhance the suspicion index of primary health care workers about uncommon clinical features.

The case study of a non-small cell lung carcinoma confirmed by complete necropsy study is reported in an old man with apathetic hyperthyroidism, atrial fibrillation and heart failure. The authors emphasize diagnostic challenges related to effects of hyperthyroidism on nutritional status versus under nutrition caused by unsuspected development of a coexistent malignancy. Moreover, main features and diagnostic pitfalls of apathetic hyperthyroidism are commented. The aim of this report is to enhance the suspicion index of primary health care workers about the possibility of concomitant benign and malignant conditions with similar manifestations.