A series of phenothiazine-C 60/70 dyads containing fulleropyrrolidine tethered to C-3 position (C 60 -PTZ and C 70 -PTZ) or to the heteroatom N-position via either phenyl (C 60 -Ph-PTZ and C 70 -Ph-PTZ) or phenoxyethyl linkers (C 60 -PhOEt-PTZ and C 70 -PhOEt-PTZ) of the phenothiazine were synthesized and light-induced electron transfer events were explored. Optimized studies suggested that the highest molecular orbital (HOMO) resides on donor phenothiazine moiety while lowest molecular orbital (LUMO) on the acceptor fulleropyrrolidine moiety of the dyads. Optical and electrochemical properties suggested no electronic communication between the donor and acceptor moieties in the ground state. However, steady-state emission studies in solvents of varied polarity, involving selective excitation of C 60 /C 70 , disclosed that the emission intensity of C 60 /C 70 was quenched in the dyads in the increasing order, C 60/70 -PTZ > C 60/70 -Ph-PTZ > C 60/70 -PhOEt-PTZ as a consequence of the donor-acceptor distance resulted due to spacer lengths. Also, the emission quenching is more pronounced in polar solvents such as DMF compared to a nonpolar solvent, toluene. With the support of parallel electrochemical studies, the emission quenching is attributed to intramolecular photo-induced electron transfer occurring from PTZ to (C 60 /C 70 )* generating a radical ion pair, PTZ +⋅ -C 60 −⋅ /PTZ +⋅ -C 70 −⋅. Finally, bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells devices inverted fashion prepared by employing the dyads as acceptors, and PTB7 as donor, suggested that the devices prepared from C 70 derivatives i.e., PTB7:C 70 -PTZ and PTB7:C 70 -PhOEt-PTZ exhibited better power conversion efficiency of 2.66% and 2.15%, respectively over C 60 derivatives i.e., PTB7:C 60 -PTZ and PTB7:C 60 -PhOEt-PTZ with the efficiencies of 1.80 and 1.72%, respectively. AFM studies revealed that the poor performance of PTB7:C 60 -PTZand PTB7:C 60 -PhOEt-PTZ-based devices can be ascribed to the lower solubility of the dyads in 1,2-DCB solvent leading to rough morphology.

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The focus of this manuscript is to develop fuzzy new information measure for IFSs, and we proved the reliability and validity of the introduced measure. There are many applications of divergence measures in machine learning are discussed by various well-known authors and researchers in the literature of Information Theory, Mathematics, Computer Science other branches of engineering. Here, proposed a new information and fuzzy divergence measure along AIFSs. Properties and their validity, we proved of the established fuzzy information and divergence measure in terms of fuzzy. Using similarity information measure under AIFSs, we shown the applications to deal the machine learning cases for real life problems or case study and justify by numerical illustrations and we also shown the comparisons along with other measures.

The synthesis of regioisomeric asterisks (5) and (6) incorporating a benzene core with six 1‐naphthylthio or six 2‐naphthylthio arms are reported in search for new materials with optoelectronic properties. The consequences on the extension of a π system surrounding a persulfurated benzene core provide a new avenue to study the structural, photophysical, and chemical properties of such family of all‐organic phosphors. It also diverts the persulfuration mechanism after two radical cyclizations for making a [5]dithiohelicene by‐product (7) and favors dynamic sulfur component exchange reactions surrounding the core. These exchanges convert asterisks (5) and (6), non‐phosphorescent at 20 °C to the highly phosphorescent (4) (ϕ ∼100 %, solid state at 20 °C). For asterisks (5) and (6), the absence of the typical phosphorescence of the per(phenylthio)benzene core in the solid state at 20 °C and the presence of a weak naphthalene‐based phosphorescence at 77 K is attributed to an energy transfer from the triplet state of the persulfurated benzene core to the outer naphthalene moieties, resulting in an antenna system.