Introduction: Frailty has been studied among the old population due to its association with negative outcomes. Presently there is no gold standard for measuring frailty, but several studies have used the frailty phenotype of Fried consisting of five components (weakness, slowness, unintentional weight loss, exhaustion, and low physical activity) that classify individuals as robust, pre-frail, or frail, depending on the number of components affected, respectively, zero, one or two, and three or more. This study aims to explore the specific contribution of each of these components to the frailty phenotype in a sample of oldest old communitydwelling individuals.

The psychoeducational intervention seems to promote improvements in mental health and the maintenance of other favourable conditions at baseline. These results may indicate that psychoeducational programme are beneficial to minimise or prevent adverse effects of caregiving.

Developed countries face a fast ageing population and an increase in longevity, two aspects that pose several political, economic, social and health challenges due to the raise of morbidity and disability in later life. In Portugal, individuals aged 80 and older constitute 5.0% (532,219) of the total population (10,562,178) and 26.5% of the population aged 65+ (2,010,064; Brandão, Ribeiro, & Paúl, 2017). Projections for 2080 show a growth by 12.7% points of the oldest old population within the EU-28 (Eurostat, 2019). Specifically for Portugal (Instituto Nacional de Estatística, I. P., 2018), a growth of 12.0% is expected, rising to 17.0% the proportion of oldest-old in the total national population. Given these projections, it is essential to customise the support provided to meet the needs of this large and growing population. Trends show that living longer may lead to a long period of disability and frailty with increasing care demands (Alves, Teixeira,

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