BACKGROUND Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for the management of most cases of end-stage renal disease. Recipients need to lead a healthy lifestyle to minimize the possible side effects to immunosuppressant drugs, and improve the results of transplantation. One of the objectives set by the nursing team is to train people to acquire the necessary skills and tools to be able to self-care. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to draft an Information guideline for adults with kidney transplantation. METHODS A 3-step methodological, sequential approach was used: 1) training from a group of experts and item consensus; 2) review of the medical literature available; 3) use of the Delphi technique with on-site meetings. Five nurses from the Community de Madrid Kidney Transplantation Unit, Madrid Spain were asked to participate. They kept their professional commitment across the entire process. The patients’ lifestyles that, according to the medical literature available and experts’ opinion, have the greatest impact on the survival of the transplanted organ and the recipient himself were all described. RESULTS After achieving consensus using the modified Delphi method on the items that should be included and the information necessary in each of these items, an Information guideline for adults with kidney transplantation was eventually drafted. This Guideline facilitates structuring healthcare, information, and the necessary recommendations for every individual to be able to self-care effectively. Therefore, an easy-to-understand, useful tool for transplant physicians and nurses has been drafter in plain language with information based on the latest scientific-medical evidence published to this date. CONCLUSIONS Currently, this Guideline is the main intervention variable of a clinical trial destined to improve compliance to healthy habits in kidney transplant recipients from the Community of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. CLINICALTRIAL Clinical Trial NCT05715580
En España el número de donaciones y de nuevos donantes de sangre ha disminuido en los últimos años. Si lo que se pretende es mantener unos niveles estables, es necesario un grupo de población de bajo riesgo y la población sanitaria podría ser un candidato perfecto. El objetivo de este estudio ha sido describir cuáles son los motivos que influyen en el personal sanitario para convertirse en donantes de sangre y para los que no son donantes identificar las barreras que les impiden donar y qué podría motivarles para convertirse en donantes.Se trata de un estudio descriptivo transversal, realizado en el Hospital Clínico San Carlos de Madrid, desde marzo a diciembre de 2015. Se ha considerado significativa una muestra de 300 individuos.De la muestra obtenida (N=300), 85.3% (256) fueron mujeres y un 14.7% (44) fueron hombres, con una edad media de 41.18 años (DE: 10.66). De estos 300 individuos, 23.3% (70) eran auxiliares de enfermería, 60% (180) eran enfermeras, 14.3% (43) eran médicos y 2.3% (7) pertenecían a otras categorías profesionales.En lo que respecta a la donación de sangre: 48.3% (145) nunca habían donado sangre, frente al 51.6% (155) que sí habían donado sangre en alguna ocasión. De los 155 profesionales sanitarios que eran donantes, 60% (93) habían comenzado a donar sangre por altruismo, y 13.5% (21) por la influencia del alguien cercano. Además un 63.8% (99) habían continuado donando sangre por altruismo o por responsabilidad social. En relación con los no donantes, 52.4 % (76) no han donado nunca sangre por alguna causa médica y 12.4% (18) por falta de tiempo. Al preguntarles sobre qué podría motivarles para donar: 31.3% (45) donaría si un familiar necesitase una transfusión sanguínea y el 23.4% (34) en caso de una situación de emergencia.Los resultados obtenidos podrán ayudar a establecer estrategias específicas para tratar de convertir a este grupo de población en donantes de sangre regulares.
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