Alkali-soluble resins (ASRs) are random copolymers that contain both hydrophobic groups and a large number of carboxylic acid groups, which are widely used as the sole stabilizers in the production of waterborne dispersed polymers because they remarkably improve the end-use properties of the latexes. However, they reduce the radical entry rate. In this work, the mechanisms for radical entry in ASR-stabilized systems have been investigated. It has been found that the mechanism responsible for the reduction of the rate of radical entry depends on the type of ASR used (prone or not prone to suffer hydrogen abstraction), the type of radical produced from the initiator (charged or uncharged, oxygen centered or carbon centered), the phase where the radicals are produced (aqueous or oil phase) and the type of monomer (hydrophobic like styrene or more hydrophilic like methyl methacrylate).

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IntroductionUnhealthy food choices increase the risk of obesity and its co-morbidities. Nutrition labels are a public health policy that aims to drive individuals toward healthier food choices. Chile has been an example of this policy, where mandatory nutrient warning labels (NWL) identify processed foods high in calories and critical nutrients. Eating contexts influence individual food choices, but whether eating contexts also influence how NWL alter the decision process and selection during food choice is unknown.MethodsIn an online mouse-tracking study, participants prompted to health, typical, or unrestricted eating contexts were instructed to choose between pairs of foods in the presence or absence of NWL. Conflict during choices was analyzed using mouse paths and reaction times.ResultsNWL increased conflict during unhealthy food choices and reduced conflict during healthy choices in all contexts. However, the probability that NWL reversed an unhealthy choice was 80% in a healthy, 37% in a typical, and 19% in an unrestricted context. A drift-diffusion model analysis showed the effects of NWL on choice were associated with an increased bias toward healthier foods in the healthy and typical but not in the unrestricted context.DiscussionThese data suggest that the efficacy of NWL to drive healthy food choices increases in a healthy eating context, whereas NWL are less effective in typical or unrestricted eating contexts.

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