Background: Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders (EGID) are a heterogeneous group of gastrointestinal disorders, associated with an increase of the eosinophils in the gastrointestinal mucosal tissue. Regulatory T cells (Tregs), as a subset of T cells, have a proven prominent role in immunopathology and protection against allergic diseases. Also, they appear to play a role in EGID pathogenesis. In the present study, serum levels of Tumor Growth Factor (TGF)-β and interleukin (IL)-10 were measured in patients with EGID compared to patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) and healthy subjects. Materials and Methods: A total of 34 patients with EGID, 23 with GERD, and 25 healthy controls were included in the study. The diagnoses of EGID and GERD were made based on the patients' clinical symptoms, endoscopic findings, and biopsy confirmation. A questionnaire of demographic information, allergy history, as well as endoscopic-pathological and skin prick test results were completed and performed. The serum levels of TGF-β and IL-10 were measured using the ELISA method. Results: Family history of allergic disorders in patients with EGID or GERD was significantly high compared to healthy controls (P=0.010, P=0.005, respectively). There was a statistically significant increase in serum levels of TGF-β1 (P=0.025), but no significant difference was observed in serum level of IL-10 among three groups. However, the serum level of IL-10 was significantly high in a subgroup of patients with upper gastrointestinal eosinophilic involvement compared to the healthy controls (P=0.018). Conclusion: Significant increase in the serum level of IL-10 and TGF-β might be due to the Tregs dysfunction in EGID patients. Further studies should determine the role of Tregs in the pathogenesis of EGID.

Background and Objective: Neonatal Sepsis is the most important disease in the first 28 days of life which is diagnosed definitely using the blood culture. The C-reactive protein test (CRP) is a simple method for the early diagnosis of sepsis, which is not so used. This study was conducted to determine the diagnostic value of this method in sepsis. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 100 newborns that were suspected of sepsis in Shahrood hospitals. Their quality CRP was measured using sepsis routine tests in the first 6, 24, and 48 hours of admission. The CRP≥1was considered as positive CRP. Results: Most of the certain sepsis cases were among the new borns who were heavier than 2500 g (p <0.01). The gestational mean age was 8.3 ± 1.37 weeks, in this age group definite sepsis was significantly closer to the normal gestational age (p <0.02). Sixty one percentage of cases were full-term infants among them 78.6% were certain sepsis which was significantly different from the other age groups (p <0.007). There was a significant correlation between positive CRP and certain sepsis in the first, second and third testing steps. It was found that the sensitivity of this test is very high in 24 to 48 hours after the admission. Conclusion: This study showed that the serumal CRP levels can be used as a quick and sensitive test, to approve or disapprove the certain sepsis especially in the first 24 to 48 hours of neonatal sepsis occurrence.