Resumo Desenvolveu-se uma placa cerâmica porosa utilizando resíduo de vidro e lama de cal e simulou-se a aplicação em fachada ventilada. O resíduo de vidro foi usado como substituto total (100%) do feldspato. A lama de cal foi usada como material porogênico. Foi realizado um planejamento experimental com variações de 20% a 40% de lama de cal e temperatura de queima entre 860 e 1020 °C. As placas obtidas foram submetidas a testes de tensão da ruptura à flexão e porosidade total. Na melhor condição experimental, a placa contendo 40% de lama de cal queimada a 1020 °C apresentou tensão de ruptura à flexão de 7,25 MPa, porosidade total de 37,5% e absorção de água de 21,8%. No ensaio de desempenho quanto ao isolamento térmico das placas, esta amostra apresentou melhor desempenho térmico em relação à amostra comercial avaliada.
The effect of composition and firing temperature on porosity and bending strength of porous ceramic plates for using in ventilated façades were investigated. Two byproducts, basalt and lime mud, were used to obtain porous ceramic plates in accordance with the circular economy concept. Basalt, which is a fine powder‐based byproduct generated from the processing of basaltic rock, was used to replace feldspar as the flux mineral in a ceramic composition. Lime mud, a byproduct of the pulp and paper mill process and containing a high content of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), was incorporated in the ceramic composition to generate pores. The specimens were prepared using three different amounts of lime mud (20, 30, and 40 wt%) and three firing temperatures (900°C, 1000°C, and 1100°C), and their porosity and bending strength were determined. The highest performing specimen (5.1 ± 1.3 MPa bending strength and 42.6 ± 0.5% porosity) was obtained by using 40 wt% of lime mud and a firing temperature of 1100°C with potential for further thermal tests in a ventilated façade in comparison with a commercial porcelain ceramic tile as reference material.
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