Driving could be affected by various external variables such as traffic congestion, roadside infrastructure, and in-cabin situations. Although those factors might influence a driver’s cognitive behavior, not many studies have been done to understand drivers’ emotional changes corresponding to the external driving factors. To address this research gap, the current study aimed to analyze and compare what facial expressions drivers made when they drove straight, exited/entered or near the shoulder of a highway. The human-inthe-loop (HTIL) simulation experiment was conducted, and drivers’ facial muscle movements were recorded while they drove straight, exited/entered, and near the shoulders of a highway. According to the results, we found that drivers opened their mouths wider while exiting and entering the highway. Also, the movements of three facial muscles were more evident when they entered or exited the highway and driving near the shoulder. The outcome of this study might provide knowledge to human-computer-interaction practitioners and engineers on designing advanced driving assistance systems.

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Due to a progressive deterioration of our planet and its resources, environmental education has become crucial and children should be trained to understand environmental issues at an early age so they can cultivate positive change in the future. This study combines research in child development & educational strategies with environmentally related issues into a game that promotes active learning. Data for the study is gathered in a qualitative manner, introducing child participants to existing environmental games and collecting their feedback into graphic organizers. For this study 15 children (5-7) years old were selected for participated in design process. Most methods which were selected for surveying were based on children psychology, and characteristic. At the end a prototype of an environmental education game that combines various styles of play will then be designed based on the gathered data. The game aims to explore concepts, scenarios, and strategies of environmental preservation, encouraging children to become active participants in preserving the planet and promoting environmentally responsible behavior.

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