<p>The face-to-face mode is always considered as the normal mode of teaching, and distance education is often understood as a remedy for the lack of material and human resources necessary to conduct training; but to prevent the spread of the coronavirus (COVID19), the distance course system has been launched in different countries to ensure continuity of teaching during the period when courses are stopped. In order to shed light on the role of distance learning during the spread of the coronavirus and its effectiveness in successfully continuing the learning process, an investigation was carried out in the Moroccan context. This survey was launched as a questionnaire with 565 participants; they are students and teachers from primary, secondary, university and professional training. The objective is to answer several research questions concerning the current use of distance education during the COVID19 pandemic. The results of this survey are presented in this article as well as their analysis showing that solutions and alternatives must be adopted in order to improve the teaching and learning process in the event of a situation like COVID19.</p>

Abstract-E-learning takes advantage of the use of information and communication technology. Its objectives can be defined as self-learning, distance learning, individualizing learning paths and the development of online teaching relationships.Keeping interoperability between e-learning content in a universities cloud is not always easy, diffusion of training modules on the cloud by various institutions causes heterogeneous e-learning systems which affect the educational quality offered by university to teachers and learners, from this reason, comes the idea of modeling and synchronizing content between the different parts included in the learning task.Our contribution result a model aims to ensure the interoperability in distributed architectures of large sizes using the IMS-LD specification to facilitate the task of identification, reuse, sharing, adapting teaching and learning resources in the Cloud.

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The Cloud model is cost-effective because customers pay for their actual usage without upfront costs, and scalable because it can be used more or less depending on the customers’ needs. Due to its advantages, Cloud has been increasingly adopted in many areas, such as banking, e-commerce, retail industry, and academy. For education, cloud is used to manage the large volume of educational resources produced across many universities in the cloud. Keep interoperability between content in an inter-university Cloud is not always easy. Diffusion of pedagogical contents on the Cloud by different E-Learning institutions leads to heterogeneous content which influence the quality of teaching offered by university to teachers and learners. From this reason, comes the idea of using IMS-LD coupled with metadata in the cloud. This paper presents the implementation of our previous educational modeling by combining an application in J2EE with Reload editor that consists of modeling heterogeneous content in the cloud. The new approach that we followed focuses on keeping interoperability between Educational Cloud content for teachers and learners and facilitates the task of identification, reuse, sharing, adapting teaching and learning resources in the Cloud.

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