A More Sums Than Differences (MSTD) set is a set A for which |A+A| > |A−A|. Martin and O'Bryant proved that the proportion of MSTD sets in {0, 1, . . . , n} is bounded below by a positive number as n goes to infinity. Iyer, Lazarev, Miller and Zhang introduced the notion of a generalized MSTD set, a set A for which |sA − dA| > |σA − δA| for a prescribed s + d = σ + δ. We offer efficient constructions of k-generational MSTD sets, sets A where A, A + A, . . . , kA are all MSTD. We also offer an alternative proof that the proportion of sets A for which |sA − dA| − |σA − δA| = x is positive, for any x ∈ Z. We prove that for any ǫ > 0, Pr(1 − ǫ < log |sA − dA|/ log |σA − δA| < 1 + ǫ) goes to 1 as the size of A goes to infinity and we give a set A which has the current highest value of log |A + A|/ log |A − A|. We also study decompositions of intervals {0, 1, . . . , n} into MSTD sets and prove that a positive proportion of decompositions into two sets have the property that both sets are MSTD.

In 1989, Erdős conjectured that for a sufficiently large n it is impossible to place n points in general position in a plane such that for every 1 ≤ i ≤ n − 1 there is a distance that occurs exactly i times. For small n this is possible and in his paper he provided constructions for n ≤ 8. The one for n = 5 was due to Pomerance while Palásti came up with the constructions for n = 7, 8. Constructions for n = 9 and above remain undiscovered, and little headway has been made toward a proof that for sufficiently large n no configuration exists. In this paper we consider a natural generalization to higher dimensions and provide a construction which shows that for any given n there exists a sufficiently large dimension d such that there is a configuration in d-dimensional space meeting Erdős' criteria.

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Several recent papers have considered the Ramsey-theoretic problem of how large a subset of integers can be without containing any 3-term geometric progressions. This problem has also recently been generalized to number fields and F q [x]. We study the analogous problem in two noncommutative settings, quaternions and free groups, to see how lack of commutivity affected the problem. In the quaternion case, we show bounds for the supremum of upper densities of 3-term geometric progression avoiding sets. In the free groups case, we calculate the decay rate for the greedy set in x, y : x 2 = y 2 = 1 avoiding 3-term geometric progressions.

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