for helping me make the most of my field research. I want to thank the inspirational people that I met in Addis and in the refugee camps, including Menherit, whose enduringly bright smile in the face of adversity is a source of inspiration and humility. My family has always been supportive and cheered me on during my graduate studies, and I would like to thank Ann Corbett, Yolande Mainville, Clarisse Olivier and Giles Lepage. Finally, I want to offer a deep and heartfelt thank you to my father, Michel Brûlé, my mother, Hélène Martin, and my husband, Stéphane Moulin. I dedicate this thesis to them.