Objective: To assess the awareness of mammographic screening among women visiting the breast clinic at a tertiary care facility in Karachi. Study Design and Setting: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre Karachi over one month period from 1-10-2019 to 31-10-2019. Methodology: After receiving ethical approval, relevant information from patients coming to the breast clinic over the study period, regarding age, level of education, family history, diagnosis and awareness regarding mammographic screening was recorded on specially designed proformas and was statistically analyzed on SPSS 23. P value </= to 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Out of the 100 participants included in the study 68 patients had malignant lesions, 18 had a benign diagnosis while 14 patients were undiagnosed. Only 42 had at least some knowledge of mammographic screening of breast cancers and only 15 patients actually had a screening mammogram performed. Of those aware of the screening majority were informed regarding the procedure by health care professionals or through media sources. Only 4 out of 17 participants with a positive history of breast cancer in the family had the screening done. 12 patients diagnosed with malignant breast lesions were under the age of 40 years. Conclusion: Awareness of mammographic screening for breast cancer among females in our setup is still unsatisfactory and calls for improvements in the awareness programs for breast cancer screening. An early age at diagnosis for malignant breast lesions should prompt the concerned to revise the recommended lower age limit for commencing mammographic screening
This study was conducted to know the reasons why people do not opt for crowns after root canal treatment. A well-formed proforma was used to document the ratio of crowned vs. non-crowned individuals and the reason behind each. A total of 151 participants with RCT treated teeth took part in the survey. almost half of them got their RCT treated teeth crowned (51.0%). 49.0% did not get their teeth crowned and 21.2% showed a lack of interest. Other reasons identified were lack of awareness, time limitations and non-availability of facilities. Lack of awareness is a far more common cause that can be minimised by good education and guidance. Keywords: Crowning, oral hygiene, dental preservation, Root canal treatment.
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Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of caries on distal aspect of mandibular second molars due to impacted third molars. Methodology: Radiographs were obtained for the patients with clinical evidence of impacted 3rd molar. Dental records including number of impacted third molars, pathological conditions and complaints of caries, pericoronitis and recurrent pain were taken. Data of patients with visible distal caries to second molars in the absence of third molar was also recorded entered into specially formulated Performa. Results: A total of 151 participants shared their data for research purpose. According to Winter’s classification, 42.4% and 41.7% impactions were mesioangular and vertical 3rd molars respectively. According to Pell and Gregory classification more than half (55%) of the impacted 3rd molars were in Class I relationship to the ramus whereas 51% of impacted 3rd molars were at the depth of level A. Conclusion: Caries of second more is more common if the impacted third molar tooth is mesioangulated, having class I relationship with respect to ramus. Keywords: second molar, distal caries, impacted third molar
To evaluate dentists' knowledge, attitude, and practice of cross infection control protocol. The questionnaire proforma was based on 15 questions was used to check the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the standard infection control protocols among the 3rd and 4th-year students of BDS, house officers and demonstrators of College of Dentistry, Sharif Medical and Dental College, Lahore, who were active in dental health provision in a clinical setting. A total of 200 participants were enrolled in the study after convenient sampling. We found that despite good knowledge of safety protocols, implementation of these standards is lacking. Non-compliance in following standard infection control protocols is a big challenge and can increase the risk of cross-infection. Keywords: cross-infection, dental practitioners, sterilization.
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