Several challenges (e.g., sexism, parental leave, the glass ceiling, etc.) disproportionately affect women in academia (and beyond), and thus perpetuate the leaky pipeline metaphor for women who opt-out of an academic career. Although this pattern can be seen at all levels of the academic hierarchy, a critical time for women facing such challenges is during the postdoctoral stage, when personal life transitions and professional ambitions collide. Using a social identity approach, we explore factors affecting the mental health of postdoctoral women, including identity development (e.g., as a mother, a scientist) and lack of control (uncertainty about one’s future personal and professional prospects), which likely contribute to the leak from academia. In this mixed-method research, Study 1 comprised interviews with postdoctoral women in North America ( n = 13) and Europe ( n = 8) across a range disciplines (e.g., psychology, physics, political science). Common themes included the negative impact of career uncertainty, gender-based challenges (especially sexism and maternity leave), and work-life balance on mental and physical health. However, interviewees also described attempts to overcome gender inequality and institutional barriers by drawing on support networks. Study 2 comprised an online survey of postdoctoral women ( N = 146) from a range of countries and academic disciplines to assess the relationships between social identification (e.g., disciplinary, gender, social group), perceived control (i.e., over work and life), and mental health (i.e., depression, anxiety, stress, and life satisfaction). Postdoctoral women showed mild levels of stress and depression, and were only slightly satisfied with life. They also showed only moderate levels of perceived control over one’s life and work. However, hierarchical regression analyses revealed that strongly identifying with one’s discipline was most consistently positively associated with both perceived control and mental health. Collectively, these findings implicate the postdoctoral stage as being stressful and tenuous for women regardless of academic background or nationality. They also highlight the importance of disciplinary identity as a potentially protective factor for mental health that, in turn, may diminish the rate at which postdoctoral women leak from the academic pipeline.

This work provides an overview of injury patterns in Canadian children and youth aged 1 to 17 years. Self-reported data from the 2019 Canadian Health Survey on Children and Youth were used to calculate estimates for the percentage of Canadian children and youth who experienced a head injury or concussion, broken bone or fracture, or serious cut or puncture within the last 12 months, overall and by sex and age group. Head injuries and concussions (4.0%) were the most commonly reported, but the least likely to be seen by a medical professional. Injuries most frequently occurred while engaging in sports, physical activity or playing.

Background Participating in sports is a great way to gain physical, psychological, and social benefits. However, it also carries the risk of injury. Soccer is one of the most popular sports worldwide, and in recent years, there have been concerns about potential vulnerabilities to head injuries. Objectives To investigate soccer-related head injuries (SRHIs), using data from the electronic Canadian Hospitals Injury Reporting and Prevention Program (eCHIRPP) surveillance system. Specifically, we aim to compare characteristics of SRHI cases to all head injury cases within the eCHIRPP database. Methods Descriptive analyses of emergency department (ED) injury surveillance data (2011 to 2017) for individuals aged 5 to 29 years from all participating eCHIRPP sites. Computation of proportionate injury ratios (PIR) comparing SRHIs to all head injuries reported to eCHIRPP, and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results A total of 3,970 SRHIs were reported to eCHIRPP. Injuries were from contact with another player, the ball, ground, goal-post, and other causes. Of the injuries caused by contact with the ball, 9% were from purposely directing the ball with the head (heading). A higher proportion of concussions (PIR=1.32, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.27 to 1.37) and minor closed head injuries (PIR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.15 to 1.26) were observed in soccer players. Higher proportions of head injuries occurred in organized soccer and soccer played outdoors. However, admission to the ED for a SRHI was rare (PIR=0.40, 95% CI: 0.30 to 0.55). Conclusions Overall, elevated proportions of brain injuries were observed among soccer players, however, these injuries were unlikely to result in a hospital admission. Moreover, purposely heading the ball contributed to few ED visits.

Introduction L’utilisation des trottinettes motorisées gagne en popularité au Canada comme ailleurs. Cette étude vise à résumer les caractéristiques des traumatismes liés à l’utilisation des trottinettes motorisées selon les données de la plate-forme électroniquedu Syst ème canadien hospitalier d’information et de recherche en prévention des traumatismes (eSCHIRPT) et à en analyser les tendances. L’eSCHIRPT recueille des renseignements sur l’événement ayant entraîné le traumatisme et des données cliniques sur le traitement (la partie du corps touchée, la nature et l’intentionnalité du traumatisme ainsi que le traitement administré) auprès de 11 hôpitaux pédiatriques et de 9 hôpitaux généraux du Canada. Résultats Une recherche en texte libre à l’aide de mots-clés a permis de relever 523 cas de traumatismes liés à l’utilisation d’une trottinette motorisée entre janvier 2012 et décembre 2019. La plupart des traumatismes signalés concernaient des hommes (62,7 %). Le traumatisme le plus fréquent était une fracture ou une luxation (36,9 %) et 14,3 % de l’ensemble des patients ont été admis à l’hôpital. Une régression Joinpoint a montré une augmentation statistiquement significative des traumatismes liés à l’utilisation d’une trottinette motorisée entre 2012 et 2017 (variation annuelle de 18,4 %). Conclusion Les résultats de notre étude indiquent qu’il faut poursuivre les efforts de prévention et améliorer les messages éducatifs sur la conduite sécuritaire et l’importance de l’utilisation d’un équipement de protection pour prévenir les traumatismes chez les utilisateurs.