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1. Apart from conferring multidrug resistance to cancer cells, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) encoded by the gene ABCB1 (also, known as Multidrug resistance gene, MDR1), plays a major role in drug disposition. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ABCB1 gene might contribute to inter-individual and ethnic differences in drug disposition and thereby, could influence the outcome and prognosis of certain diseases. 2. India is one of the most ethnically and genetically diverse regions of the world. This study was undertaken with a view to determine the allele and genotype frequencies of C3435T and C1236T polymorphisms in the ABCB1 gene among the Maharashtrian population, residing in the Vidarbha region of central India and compare them with HapMap and other Indian populations. The common synonymous C3435T polymorphism has been found to be associated with lower P-gp functional expression and drug uptake, alone or in conjunction with a few other linked SNPs like C1236T. 3. The genotypes of C3435T and C1236T SNPs were determined by PCR-RFLP in 222 healthy and unrelated Maharashtrian individuals. 4. According to the findings of this study, the Maharashtrians were found to be not significantly different from the Gujarati Indians in Houston, Texas in the HapMap database.

Early childhood caries has an intricate etiology and it requires a helpless tooth surface, fermentable starches, and cariogenic microorganisms throughout some undefined time frame to start the carious cycle. Tooth-hued materials gained popularity in recent years for reestablishing primary and youthful blended dentitions. Hence, the main aim of this study was to investigate the choice of restorative materials in Class III dental caries in primary maxillary lateral incisors in 3–6-year-old children. Data collected from the records of the children 3–6 years of age for the choice of restorative materials of primary maxillary lateral incisors between September 2020 and February 2021 were included in the study. Retrospective study data were collected through the software DIAS and data analysis was carried out using Chi-square tests. Variation in the percentage of children who underwent restoration utilizing strip crowns was the highest within 3–4 years (38.26%) when compared to light composite restorations (LCR) (14.9%), whereas the least preferred restoration was glass-ionomer cement (5.37%) which was noted statistically significant. Considering the age group of 5–6 years preferred form of restoration was LCR (19.80%) when compared to strip crown (17.79%), whereas 4.70% of the treatment cases were utilized for glass-ionomer cement restorations. Strip crowns are a more predominantly used choice of restorative material in Class III dental caries in primary maxillary lateral incisors in between 3- and 6-year-old children.

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