Introduction: Today’s generation is facing an increased prevalence of overweight and obesity. It may be genetic or habitual due to overeating of junk foods and sedentary lifestyle. It directly affects an individual personality and health. The main aim of this study is to find out the prevalence of overweight among medical students in a tertiary care center. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study done in 385 students in a tertiary care hospital from 25th January 2020 to 28th February 2021. The sample was collected by simple random sampling method after the approval from the Institutional Review Committee of Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital. Height in meter and weight in kilogram of students were measured to calculate body mass index. Data were analyzed by using Statistical Package of Social Science software version 16. Point estimate at 95% confidence interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Among 385 students, 75 (19.48%) (95% Confidence Interval= 15.53%-23.44%) were overweight. Fifty-seven (14.85%) males and 18 (4.69%) females were overweight respectively. In total, there were 197 (51.01%) males and 188 (48.99%) females. Conclusions: The current study shows the prevalence of overweight among medical students is slightly higher than in studies done in similar settings.

Introduction: The pandemic of COVID-19 affected every single person in the world. This pandemic also affected the academics of medical and dental colleges of Nepal. In these conditions, the virtual study was used as an emergency measure during the COVID-19 period, with an adaptation to the “new normal” to deliver preclinical medical education. This has brought both challenges and opportunities to medical education. The objective of the study is to find out whether the anatomy virtual classes were helpful among the first and second year medical and dental students of a medical college. Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 206 first and second-year medical and dental students of a medical college between 1st May 2021-31st May 2021 after getting the ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee (reference no. 0504202109). The convenient sampling was done. The data were analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20 version. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage for binary data. Results: Out of the total 206 students, 173 (84%) (78.99-89.01 at 95% Confidence Interval) found that virtual anatomy classes were not helpful for the study of the anatomy classes.  Conclusions: From the study, we conclude that more than half of the students found that virtual classes were not helpful for the study of anatomy classes. Students have difficulty in studying dissection, cadaveric, and embryological structures via virtual classes. Physical class is better for studying anatomy than virtual classes for medical and dental students.

Introduction: The upper and lower lip consists of the numerous amounts of fine grooves. This pattern of grooves will be definite throughout the lifetime. The groove of the lip shows variations and play important role in forensic medicine and crime investigation. The objective of this study is to find out the prevalence of type I lip print in at least one lip quadrant among first- and second- year medical and dental students of a medical college. Methods: The study was conducted on 240 students of a medical college between November 2020- January 2021 after getting the ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee (reference no. KMC-IRC 0311202006). The convenient sampling was done. The patterns of the grooves of the lip were studied. The data was analysed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20 version. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage for binary data. Results: Out of 240 students, type I lip pattern was seen in at least one quadrant in 190 (79.6%) (73.38-84.94 at 95% CI) students. One hundred and fifty-nine (66.3%) had type I pattern in the right upper quadrant, 160 (66.7%) in left upper quadrant, 181 (75.4%) in right lower quadrant, and 177 (73.8%) in left lower quadrant. Type Ia was maximum found in 115 (47.9%) and type Ib in 66 (27.5%) in lower left quadrant of lip. Conclusions: Our findings showed a higher prevalence of type I lip pattern than those reported by other national studies done among medical students.

Introduction: The sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy eating habits and obesity are major health problems of current generation. High body mass index is directly related with high mortality rate, cardiovascular diseases, mental issues and difficulty in physical functioning. Normal weight and strength of muscle are indications of good health. Handgrip strength and endurance are the important parameters to assess the upper extremity muscular strength. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study in 400 medical students in Kathmandu Medical College, Bhaktapur (October 2021 to March 2022) with Institutional Review Committee approval (Reference no. 0106202102). The sample was collected by simple random sampling method. Height and weight were measured by Prestige stadiometer and body mass index was calculated. Student’s dominant hands grip strength and endurance time was measured by manual Grip Dynamometer. Data was analyzed by Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) software version 16 with Chi-square test. Results:  Among 400 samples, female 217 (54.25%) and 183 (45.75%) were males. Female students with normal, overweight and pre-obese BMI had maximum and highly significant (p value = 0.00, 0.001 and 0.003 respectively) relationship with grip strength. Normal, pre-obese and obese male had highly significant relation with grip strength (p = 0.004, 0.00 and 0.002 respectively). Normal body mass index samples had maximum endurance time along with overweight male. Conclusion: The normal body mass index samples had significant relation with hand grip strength and highest endurance time

Introduction The clavicle was a modified long bone and it is placed horizontally. Anatomically, clavicle consist of medial and lateral end. It doesn’t consist of medullar cavity. The medial epiphysis was the last epiphysis of the body to fuse at the age of 25-28 years of age.  Methods The study was conducted on 369 chest X-ray of a patient from Department of Radiology, Duwakot, Kathmandu between September-November 2020 after getting the ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee (reference no. KMC-IRC 2003202005). The Convenient sampling was done. The stages of ossification of the medial epiphysis of clavicle were studied. The data was analysed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20 version. Results Total sample size was 369. Out of that 208(56.4%) were Male and 161(43.6%).  The stages of the ossification begin at the age of 15 in Male and 12 in Female. In the both gender, the medial epiphysis completed its ossification the Stages 5 at the age of 26. The right and left side of clavicle start its ossification at the same age group and completed also in same age.  Conclusions The ossification of the medial epiphysis of right and left side of clavicle begins and end at same time. In both the gender, the stages 5 completed at age of 26. This showed that the clavicle fused completely at the age of 26.