Salah satu tumbuhan obat yang ada di Indonesia adalah rambusa (Passiflora foetida L.). Beberapa zat kimia yang terkandung di dalam daun rambusa antara lain alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid dan triterpenoid yang mempunyai efek sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas dan konsentrasi antibakteri yang efektif dari ekstrak daun rambusa terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Uji antibakteri dilakukan dengan menggunakan disc diffusion atau metode Kirby dengan konsentrasi uji 10%, 15%, 20%, dan kontrol positif (Ciprofloxacin). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan daya hambat antibakteri ekstrak daun rambusa konsentrasi 10%, 15%, 20%, dan kontrol positif secara berurutan adalah 2,63 mm, 4,53 mm, 6,05 mm, dan 26,72. Konsentrasi 20% ekstrak daun rambusa menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri sedang dengan diameter zona hambat yaitu 6,05 mm.

Persepsi masyarakat tentang kemanjuran, keamanan dan kualitas dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor antara lain merek, kemasan, harga obat dan isu peredaran obat palsu atau kualitas obat dibawah standar. Persepsi negatif yang ada, bukan hanya terkait perbandingan kualitas obat generik dan paten, namun perbandingan kualitas obat generik yang diproduksi oleh produsen yang berbeda dan dengan kemasan yang berbeda juga terjadi. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka peneliti melakukan pembuktian sederhana terkait kesetaraan potensi obat generik, dengan membandingkan daya hambat tablet amoxicillin generik dari beberapa produsen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan potensi penghambatan tablet amoksisilin generik yang beredar di Kota Tarakan terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri uji. Uji aktivitas antibakteri amoksisilin dari 3 pabrik yang berbeda dengan konsentrasi 16 g/100µl terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli dilakukan dengan metode sumuran. Amoksisilin (x), (y), dan (z) digunakan sebagai bahan uji dan aquadest steril sebagai kontrol negatif. Penentuan potensi dilakukan dengan mengukur diameter zona hambat yang terlihat pada media Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) yang telah diberi intervensi. Hasil yang diperoleh akan dianalisis menggunakan software SPSS dengan uji Post Hoc-Tukey. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Amoksisilin (x), (y), dan (z) memiliki potensi yang sama dengan signifikansi > 0,05 untuk kedua bakteri uji dengan ukuran zona hambat rata-rata 25 mm terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan 34 mm terhadap Escherichia coli. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa tablet amoksisilin generik yang beredar di Kota Tarakan memiliki potensi yang sama untuk kedua bakteri tersebut.

In the last five years, there have been many Android applications implementing video filter or video effect as an excellent feature. OpenCV is an open source computer vision library that can be simply and easily used for video filtering in Android application. However, using OpenCV library for video filtering commonly yields a bigger size of Android application. The concept of "Develop for Billion People" has enforced the developers to optimize the size of their applications to preserve resources and size of memory-as not all Android devices come with sufficiently large memory. On the other hand, OpenGL ES does not burden the filtering process because of its smaller size when it is implemented during the application development. In this research, we present a new native video processing technique using OpenGL ES. We implement the proposed method on a native video file without decreasing its quality before video filtering process. The experiments were conducted with five different mobile devices. We compared several metrics including: quality of the resulted video, file size of the apk, power consumption, and memory usage. Based on the experimental results, OpenGL ES produces smaller file size of apk (2 MB) compared with the produced file size of apk by OpenCV (20MB). The resulted file after video filtering possesses same properties as observed before video filtering. Additionally, OpenGL ES uses more efficient power with 0.1965 mAh, while OpenCV consumes 0.283 mAh. Finally, video filtering with OpenGL ES uses 29.3% lesser memory than video filtering with OpenCV. The proposed method is proven to be more appropriate with "Develop for Billion People" as it preserves more computational resources compared with the existing video filtering technique in Android.

ABSTRACT The plant that is believed by the public as a medicinal plant is Globe Amarant (Gomprena globosa L) which allegedly contains flavonoids and saponins compounds that can modulate wound healing acceleration. The flower has been shown to have an effect on wound healing in test animals, but so far there has been no research on the effectiveness of the knob flower on burns. Therefore, this study aims to identify the content of flavonoids and saponins in Kenop flowers and to see the effectiveness of healing burns in rabbits. The design of this study was an experimental study that used 5 groups of test animals, namely 2 control groups, and 3 groups of Kenop flower extract. Burn induction was performed using a 2x2 plate. The length of the wound was measured every 2 days using a caliper. Meanwhile, the identification test of flavonoid and saponin compounds was carried out using the forth and wilstatter methods. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the ethanol extract of the Kenop flower contains flavonoid and saponin compounds. The effectiveness test of the Knob flower extract on burns showed that the 30% extract group showed 92% wound healing with a wound diameter on the 14th day of 0.16; followed by a 20% extract group with a wound healing percentage of 84.3% with a wound diameter of 0.31 cm. The ethanol extract of the flower of the Kenop flower can heal burns at that concentration. Keywords: Kenop Flower, Flavonoids, Burns

A burn wound is tissue damage after contacting a heat source. Globe amaranth (Gomphrena globosa) is effective for healing burn wounds. This research analyzes the formula of spray gel pursuant to pharmaceutical requirements and the spray gel’s ability to heal burn wounds. The spray gel preparation was made from 12.5%, 15%, and 20% concentrations of globe amaranth extract. Based on the stability test, the spray gel of globe amaranth preparation is stable in storage The test of the effectiveness of globe amaranth-based gel spray for healing burn wounds was conducted on test animals divided into five groups, i.e., control positive (bioplasenton®), control negative (gel-base), FI (spray gel preparation at a 12.5% concentration of globe amaranth extract), FII (spray gel preparation at a 15% concentration of globe amaranth extract), and FIII (spray gel preparation at a 20% concentration of globe amaranth extract) and induced using an iron plate of diameter 1.5 cm. The results indicated a burn wound healing percentage of 51.33% (P%) on test animals on day 14. On FII, the P% was 62%, and FIII, the P% was 63.33% at p < 0.05. The percentage of burn wound healing on FII and FIII was the same as that on control positive at p > 0.05. To conclude, the spray gel preparation from globe amaranth extracts at 15% and 20% concentrations was effective for healing burn wounds.