The geomorphological characteristics of a watershed are more commonly used for developing the regional hydrological models for solving various hydrological problems of the ungauged watersheds in inadequate data situations. Therefore, in this study to find out the most vulnerable sub-watershed to soil erosion, morphometric analysis and prioritization were carried out on 14 subwatersheds of Manot River catchment, which is a tributary of the Narmada River. The morphometric parameters considered for analysis are stream order, stream length, stream frequency, drainage density, texture ratio, form factor, circulatory ratio, elongation ratio, bifurcation ratio and compactness ratio. After analysis of morphometric parameters, compound parameter values are calculated and prioritization rating of 14 sub-watersheds is carried out. The subwatershed 13 that has the lowest compound parameter value of 3.63 is likely to be subjected to maximum soil erosion; hence, it requires immediate attention to providing soil conservation measures. Morphological parameters-based prioritization is in good agreement with the geological field investigation carried out during the field work.

The study of long-term precipitation record is critically important for a country, whose food security and economy rely on the timely availability of water. In this study, the historical 102-year (1901-2002) rainfall data of the Sindh River basin (SRB), India, were analyzed for seasonal and annual trends. The Mann-Kendall test and Sen's slope model were used to identify the trend and the magnitude of the change, respectively. Spatial interpolation technique such as Kriging was used for interpolating the spatial pattern over SRB in GIS environment. The analysis revealed the significantly increasing precipitation trend in both seasonal and annual rainfall in the span of 102 years.

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Principal component analysis has been applied to 13 dimensionless geomorphic parameters on 8 subwatersheds of Kanhiya Nala watershed tributary of Tons River located in Part of Panna and Satna district of Madhya Pradesh, India, to group the parameters under different components based on significant correlations. Results of principal component analysis of 13 geomorphic parameters clearly reveal that some of these parameters are strongly correlated with the components but texture ratio and hypsometric integral do not show correlation with any of the component. So they have been screened out of analysis. The principal component loading matrix obtained using correlation matrix of eleven parameters reveals that first three components together account for 93.71 % of the total explained variance. Therefore, principal component loading is applied to get better correlation and clearly group the parameters in physically significant components. Based on the properties of the geomorphic parameters, three principal components were defined as drainage, slope or steepness and shape components. One parameter each from the significant components may form a set of independent parameters at a time in modeling the hydrologic responses such as runoff and sediment yield from small watersheds.

Accurate estimation of runoff and sediment yield amount is not only an important task in physiographic but also important for proper watershed management. This paper proposes a seasonal relationship between Soil Conservation Services, runoff curve number (CN) and sediment yield (SY). Short-term sediment yield value of duration range from 1 to 30 day was correlated with the runoff CN derived for the respective duration from observed rainfall-runoff data. It is derived empirically from short-term (10 years) daily rainfall-runoff data of the Shakkar watershed of Narmada Basin falling in Madhya Pradesh (India). The resulting coefficient of determination (R 2 ) values range (0.76-0.79) strongly support the versatility of the derived relationship and invokes determination of SY from the available National Engineering Handbook (NEH-4) CN values.