Cloud-based services are in high demand because they give consumers and businesses a lot of flexibility in employing new applications and high-end infrastructure at a low cost. Despite the increased activity and interest, there are still worries about security vulnerabilities with cloud computing, resulting in hurdles for both consumers and service providers in terms of data protection, privacy, and service availability. As a result, cloud service providers and consumers must ensure that the cloud environment is secure from both external and internal threats. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of key components of the cloud computing ecosystem and security concerns encompassing its impact on businesses. It focuses on understanding cloud computing technology, deployment environments, services, and usage considerations. The chapter identifies the most common security risks, allowing both end users and providers to identify the risks connected with the technology. Finally, different countermeasures to important security and privacy issues are presented.

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