The aim of this study is to evaluate the landslide hazards at Selangor area, Malaysia, using Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing. Landslide locations of the study area were identified from aerial photograph interpretation and field survey. Topographical maps, geological data, and satellite images were collected, processed, and constructed into a spatial database in a GIS platform. The factors chosen that influence landslide occurrence were: slope, aspect, curvature, distance from drainage, lithology, distance from lineaments, land cover, vegetation index, and precipitation distribution. Landslide hazardous areas were analyzed and mapped using the landslide-occurrence factors by frequency ratio and logistic regression models. The results of the analysis were verified using the landslide location data and compared with probability model. The comparison results showed that the frequency ratio model (accuracy is 93.04%) is better in prediction than logistic regression (accuracy is 90.34%) model. Keywords Landslide . Frequency ratio . Logistic regression . GIS . Remote sensing Introduction Globally, landslides cause approximately 1,000 deaths per year and property damage of about US 4 billion. Recently in Malaysia, landslides have posed serious threats to settlements and structures that support transportation, natural resource management and tourism. They cause considerable damage to highways, waterways and pipelines. Most of these landslides occurred on cut slopes or embankments alongside roads and highways in mountainous areas. Few landslides occurred near high-rise apartments and in residential areas, causing death to human beings. The recent landslides that occurred near the North Klang Valley Express Way are good examples in Malaysia.In tropical countries like Malaysia, most landslides are triggered by heavy rainfall. In literature, many attempts have been made to predict these landslides and prepare susceptibility maps using different methods. In this paper, remote sensing data along with other tabular information were used to prepare landslide hazard map for Selangor area. Terrain information such as slope, aspect, curvature, distance from drainage, geology, distance from lineament, soil, land cover, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and precipitation were used as landslide causative parameters. Landslide hazard map was prepared using frequency ratio and logistic regression models. Landslide hazard analyzes were carried out using the map overlay technique in GIS.Recently, there were studies on landslide hazard evaluation using GIS, and many of these studies have applied probabilistic methods (
