Tax aggressiveness is the act of manipulating profits carried out through tax planning that can be both legal and illegal. Measurement of tax aggressiveness using the comparison formula for tax expense and income (ETR). The purpose of this study is to test whether there is an effect of Capital Intensity, Leverage, Return on Assets, and Company Size on Tax Aggressiveness. This type of research includes quantitative research using secondary data obtained from company financial reports. The population of this study is all manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2017-2019. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with the criteria of manufacturing companies listed on IDX, the financial reports in rupiah, and manufacturing companies with an ETR value of less than one. The samplehas met the criteria of 249 companies. The data analysis method used is panel data regression using Eviews 9.0. The results showed that Capital Intensity, Leverage,ROA and Firm Size have no effect on Tax Aggressiveness. The result of this study have implications for the Directorate General of Taxes (DGT) to detect the practice of tax aggressiveness by companies.  Keywords: Tax Agressiveness, Capital Intensity, Leverage, ROA,and Firm Size

ABSTRACT Weak economic conditions during the Covid-19 pandemic resulted in a decline in tax revenue in Indonesia. The government seeks to increase economic activity by providing tax incentive programs to taxpayers affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. However, the company considers the program as one of the loopholes to practice tax avoidance. This study aims to look at the differences in tax avoidance practices before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The type of data used is quantitative data derived from the annual financial statements. The population in this study are manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2019-2020 period. The sample of this research was taken based on purposive sampling using certain criteria so as to get 78 samples from 39 manufacturing companies. The method used in this study is paired samples t-test analysis using the IBM SPSS Statistics 24 tool. Based on the results of this study, it shows that there is an increase in tax avoidance practices during the Covid-19 pandemi. This resulted in a decrease in state tax revenues during 2020.  ABSTRAK Lemahnya kondisi ekonomi dimasa pandemi Covid-19 mengakibatkan turunnya penerimaan pajak di Indonesia. Pemerintah berupaya untuk meningkatkan kegiatan ekonomi dengan cara memberikan program insentif perpajakan kepada wajib pajak yang terkena dampak pandemi Covid-19. Namun perusahaan menganggap program tersebut sebagai salah satu celah untuk melakukan praktik penghindaran pajak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaan praktik penghindaran pajak sebelum dan saat pandemi Covid-19. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data kuantitatif yang berasal dari laporan keuangan tahunan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2019-2020. Sampel penelitian ini diambil berdasarkan purposive sampling dengan menggunakan beberapa kriteria tertentu sehingga mendapatkan 78 sampel dari 39 perusahaan manufaktur. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis paired samples t-test dengan menggunakan alat bantu IBM SPSS Statistics 24. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan praktik penghindaran pajak pada saat pandemi Covid-19. Sehingga mengakibatkan penerimaan pajak Negara selama tahun 2020 mengalami penurunan.

This research aimed to investigate the effect of profitability, leverage, capitalintensity, sales growth, and firm size against tax avoidance. Measurement of taxavoidance in this research used effective tax rate (ETR). This research usedmanufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017-2019. Thesample selection method used purposive sampling technique and obtained 140sample. The data analysis used was multiple linear regression test. The result ofthe analysis showed that profitability and firm size has no effect on tax avoidance.Meanwhile leverage and capital intensity has significant positive effect on taxavoidance. The result of the test showed that sales growth has a significantnegative effect on tax avoidance.

Purpose of this study was to determine the effect of taxpayer awareness, quality of tax services, tax sanctions, tax knowledge0and tax amnesty on individual taxpayer compliance. Sample in this study were 100 individual taxpayers at the Tax Service Office (KPP) in the city of Semarang. Data used in this study is primary data by distributing questionnaires to0respondents using google form. Sample selection in this study used accidental sampling using the Slovin formula. After fulfilling0the classical assumption test, then the data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis techniques. Results showed that taxpayer awareness, tax sanctions, tax knowledge and tax amnesty had a positive effect on individual taxpayer compliance. While the quality of tax services does not affect the compliance of individual taxpayers. Value of the coefficient0of determination test with the individual taxpayer compliance value of 41.90 percent can be explained by the research variables. The result of this study can be input for the government what should be done to improve taxpayer compliance.

This study aims to examine the analysis of the effect of management compensation, profitability, capital intensity, and leverage on tax avoidance in mining sub sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016-2020 period. The sampling method used purposive sampling in order to obtain 32 mining sub sector companies. The results showed that the variable of management compensation, capital intensity, and leverage had on effect on tax avoidance. While the profitability variable has a significant negative effect on tax avoidance. For the upcoming research, it is expected to apply other independent variable which have highly connection with tax avoidance as dependent variable. Furthermore, the research is expected to choose different company as well, in order to receive the accurate result and to describe the actual situation/condition.