Background Several studies have reported the implementation of nutrition therapy and rehabilitation for acute and critical illnesses. However, rehabilitation nutrition for elderly sarcopenia patients with extremely severe postoperative complications during hospitalization has not yet been established. Case presentation We report the case of a 70-year-old man with sarcopenia that developed as a postoperative complication of the surgical resection of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma and left the patient bedridden from prolonged malnutrition and muscle weakness. The patient’s general condition improved after a nearly 6-month intervention by our Nutrition Support Team (NST) that combined nutrition, exercise, and pharmacotherapy. Conclusions The appropriate timing and order of pharmacotherapy, nutrient administration, exercise therapy, and team collaboration may enable elderly patients with severe (secondary) sarcopenia and postoperative complications to regain self-sustained walking.

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) lacks reliable blood tests for evaluating the nutrition status. We retrospectively compared the GLIM criteria, Controlling Nutrition Status (CONUT) score, and Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) to establish effective malnutrition screening and provide appropriate nutritional interventions according to severity. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We classified 177 patients into 3 malnutrition categories (normal/mild, moderate, and severe) according to the GLIM criteria, CONUT score, and SGA. We investigated the malnutrition prevalence, concordance of malnutrition severity, predictability of clinical outcome, concordance by etiology, and clinical outcome by inflammation. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The highest prevalence of malnutrition was found using the GLIM criteria (87.6%). Concordance of malnutrition severity was low between the GLIM criteria and CONUT score. Concordance by etiology was low in all groups but was the highest in the “acute disease” group. The area under the curve of clinical outcome and that of the “with inflammation group” were significantly higher when using the CONUT score versus using the other tools (0.679 and 0.683, respectively). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The GLIM criteria have high sensitivity, while the CONUT score can effectively predict the clinical outcome of malnutrition. Their combined use can efficiently screen for malnutrition and patient severity in acute care hospitals.

We have developed an effective method for evaluating time‐resolved rheological functionalities of swallowed foods using ultrasonic spinning rheometry (USR). USR can obtain variations over time in the rheological properties of fluids despite the fluids being in heterogeneous and nonequilibrium conditions. In addition, USR can evaluate time variations of shear‐thinning property changing in a few seconds. Demonstrations were conducted with typical thickener solutions: starch, guar gum, and xanthan gum‐based solutions, with alpha‐amylase as a digestive enzyme. The flow curve of the starch‐based solutions lowered with time, and a few minutes after addition of the amylase, the viscosity dropped to one‐hundredth of the original value. In contrast, the guar gum‐ and xanthan gum‐based solutions maintained the original viscosities as generally known. Applying the power law fitting to series of these flow curves, the time variation of the shear‐thinning property is quantitatively characterized by the plots on typical K‐n space, where K and n are parameters in the model, consistency index and power law exponent. The qualitative characteristics of the thickeners are successfully quantified in the K‐n space, and this will be a practical tool for evaluating the time‐resolved rheological properties of swallowed foods.