Global climate change caused by rising levels of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and other greenhouse gases are recognized as a serious environmental issue of the twenty-first century. Climate change leads to land degradation leads to adverse effects on the productivity of the crops thus ultimately affecting the food and livelihood security of the people. Although, agroforestry, the purposeful growing of trees and crops in interacting combinations, has been practised in the world since time immemorial as a traditional land-use system. It is a shining approach which merges century's old knowledge with modern science in a system and the concept of thinking small scale farmer's to achieve potentially big and transformative outcomes. In recent times agroforestry practices are receiving huge attention as a sustainable land-management option because of its ecological, economic, and social attributes. Also, agroforestry simultaneously offers large-scale diversification in agriculture to get supplement fuel, fodder, fruits and fibres on one hand and stabilizing the ecosystems (increase the tree cover, production of timber and other wood products thus reduces the pressure on the forests) on the other hand. Furthermore, agroforestry offers important opportunities to combat climate change by mitigation strategies like carbon sequestration potential and decreasing the greenhouse gases or by adapting to the changing climate like creating the microclimate and increasing the biodiversity. However, in association with this agroforestry also create synergies between both adaptation and mitigation actions which is the necessity of the current times. Especially, agroforestry approaches like the use of Multi-Purpose Tree Species (MPTs), relay-cropping, terracing and contour cultivation, strip and alley cropping are appropriate to fulfil the needs of low-resource farmers by restoring and increasing land productivity through climate change mitigation and adaptation.

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During the winter (Rabi) season of 2019-20, the experiment was conducted in a farmer's field in the village of Loharapur, Varanasi, to investigate the impact of nutrient management technologies in alluvial soil with farmyard manure and various levels of inorganic fertilizers under mustard (Brassica juncea L.). Based on the STCR target yield idea, the use of plant nutrients has achieved mustard (18.0 q ha-1) and (22.0 q ha-1) outputs (soil test crop response technology). The test results indicated that the target yields were reached within + 5% of site modifications, confirming the validity of the formulae used to prescribe integrated mortar fertilizer dosages. For RDF, the highest production increases of 22 q ha-1 (37, 60%), followed by 18 q ha-1 were recorded (12.05 percent). The maximum cost-effectiveness and profit rate of 22.00 q ha-1 was the result. Organic carbon content is positive and significantly connected to the activity of the enzyme. As a consequence, the combination of NPK and FYM has been more successful in improving the productivity of rice aimed at 18 q ha-1, 22 q ha-1, and soil nutritional status than a single application of FYM or chemical fertilizer. Significant net benefits of mustard at the site (Rs 55,190.00 and Rs 38,583.00) in the treatment of plant nutrient levels in the soil test; (STCR treatment). Though fertilization enhanced mustard production above control, it was reported that using NPK and FYM together was more successful than using them alone in increasing mustard productivity.

The present investigation carried out on “Documentation of Medicinal plants of Moist Deciduous Forest of Amarkantak Region, Madhya Pradesh”. The study was conducted in Anuppur forest division during 2021-2022. The current investigation is focused on the medicinal plants that may be found in the Amarkantak region. The documentation of medicinal plant was carried out through stratified random sampling method. In this area, documentation of many types of vegetation (trees, shrubs, and herbs) has been documented. A total 66 plants were collected from different parts of the study area; those include 28 speciesof tree, 10 species of shrub and 28 species of herb. The documented plant species consists of 28 families of 23 genera of tree, 10 families of 10 genera of shrub and 28 families of 28genera of herb. Floristic composition and most dominant families were found highest for Fabaceae followed by Malvaceae, Moraceae, Phyllanthaceae etc. Documentation of medicinal plants is the only method to ensure that future generations can access the essential information required to use plant resources. Traditional medicine and ethno-botanical knowledge can preserve cultural practices and the environment, promote local health care, and create new medicinal products. Result show that most of the plants studied are effective against various illnesses, alone or mixed with other plants. Therefore, it is recommended that strategies be implemented to preserve and protect significant species from growing extinct in their native habitat.

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