Aim: Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-Parkinson activity of Portulaca oleracea seed methanolic extract. Place: C. U. Shah College of Pharmacy and Research, Wadhwan, Surendranagar, Gujarat, India. Methodology: Collect plant materials were extracted with methanol. Extract was subjected to qualitative and quantitative investigation and antioxidant properties of extract was determine by Nitric oxide free radical scavenging activity and Reducing power by FeCl3 method. Anti-Parkinson activity evaluated by two behavioral models namely, haloperidol induced catalepsy, and orofacial dyskinesia both models various behavioral activity/ parameter (catalepsy, vacuous chewing movement and tongue protrusion) were evaluated. Results: Preliminary qualitative phytochemical screening was to reveal presence of polyphenols, flavanoids, glycoside, alkaloids, carbohydrates and reducing sugar etc. Based preliminary qualitative phytochemical screening; quantitative estimation of methanolic extract showed significant amount of polyphenols. In-vitro antioxidants was performed by two method reducing power by FeCl3 and nitric oxide free radical scavenging, the methanolic extract shows significant antioxidant properties, based on polyphenols and antioxidant properties extracts was used for the Anti-Parkinson activity Haloperidol induced catalepsy in mice Treatment with Portulaca oleracea seed showed a significant (P<0.01) reduction in the duration of cataleptic behavior dose dependently when compared to haloperidol treated group. Haloperidol induced orofacial dyskinesia in rat recovery of orofacial dyskinesia as evidenced by decrease in the frequency of vacuous chewing movement and tongue significant (P<0.05) decrease in the frequency of vacuous chewing & tongue protrusion while Portulaca oleracea seed (200 mg/kg) was found to be insignificant in this respect. Conclusion: After Portulaca oleracea seed (MLPO) treatment, the significant alterations produced in Parkinson’s affected rodents in respect to lipid peroxidation and antioxidant concentration significantly contributing its antioxidant potential. This antiperoxide action observed in Portulaca oleracea seed (MLPO) treated animals might be due to the suppression of the production of reactive oxygen species. This compound may be found to scavenge free radicals, including hydroxyl anions and reduce the level of lipid peroxidation in MLPO animals. Inhibition of oxidative stress may be one of the possible mechanisms for the anti-Parkinson effects of Portulaca oleracea seed (MLPO).

Aims: Antioxidant and anti-arthritic potential of Casuarina equisetifolia fruit methanolic extract. Methodology: Extract was subjected to qualitative and quantitative investigation then antioxidant properties of extract was determine by two method namely Nitric Oxide free radical scavenging activity and Reducing power by FeCl 3 method. Based on Phytochemical and antioxidant result antiarthritic activity was performed on wistar rats using Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) and evaluated different parameter like paw volume, arthritic index, biochemical parameter and hematological parameter. Results: In this study found that the methanolic extract of Casuarina equisetifolia fruit (MLCEF) contain significant percentage of secondary metabolite like poly phenol that properties was proved antioxidant activity. Antioxidant properties was determined by two methods the MLCEF IC50 Value 30.27±2.43 and 158.45±7.15 was found IC50 value reveled that MLCEF is a potent free radical Vaidya et al.; EJMP, 31(1): 42-53, 2020; Article no.EJMP.54842 43 scavenge capacity. Casuarina equisetifolia fruit (MLCEF) of 400 mg/kg, p.o. showed significant increasement in body wt from day 12 th to 21 st and significantly reduction in rat paw edema was observed from day 6 th to 21 st and it could be significantly normalize the haematological (like Hb, WBC and ESR) and biochemical abnormalities (like urea, ALT, AST and ALP) adjuvant induced arthritic rats in both developing and developed phases of CFA induced arthritis. Original Research Article Conclusion:The study outcome reveled that MLCEF is contain significant amount of polyphenol and that properties exhibit good antioxidant properties and significant antiarthritic properties. The actual mechanism of action of extracts on adjuvant induced arthritis is not clear with these studies. The action of extracts on proinflammatory mediators like TNF-α, Interleukins and other relevant mediators will be carried out in future to study its mechanism.

Objective: The motivation behind the current examination was to build the solvency and dissolution rate of an antihypertensive drug telmisartan by the planning of nanosuspension by precipitation method at the research facility scale. We researched the nanoparticle manufacture of telmisartan employing a 33 factorial experimental configuration considering the impacts of nanosuspension on the physical, morphological, and dissolution properties of telmisartan. Methods: To get ready, nanosuspension particles of an ineffectively dissolvable drug are moreover of a drug solution to the anti-solvent leads to abrupt supersaturation and precipitation the making of nanoparticles. The nanosuspension particles of a poorly soluble drug loaded with urea and surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), poloxamer 188, Tween 80) have been prepared by a precipitation method. The nanosuspension particles were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in vitro drug release, and release kinetics. Results: The readily optimized batch nanosuspension particles evaluated and exhibited the particle size (750 nm), zeta potential (-24.33 mV), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) drug exhibited a change in crystalline form to amorphous, in vitro dissolution (F12 was higher 95% within 5 min) and drug release kinetics. The formulation parameter of surfactant concentration is optimized. Conclusion: The formulation of the nanosuspension approach has been shown to substantial improvement in the dissolution rate, thereby enhancing the oral bioavailability with the future development of this technology.

Objective: The current study was projected to prepare a losartan potassium gastroretentive drug delivery system (GRDDS) of floating tablets was planned to enhance the gastric residence time, thus prolong the drug release.Methods: Effervescent floating matrix tablets of losartan potassium were prepared by direct compression technique using polymers like HPMC k4m, guar gum, and gum karaya, with lubricants magnesium stearate and talc. In the present study, sodium bicarbonate was incorporated as a gas generating agent. Total nine formulations were designed and evaluated for pre-compression parameters known as the angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, Hausner’s ratio, compressibility index, and post-compression parameters are uniformity of weight, hardness, and drug content percentage, variability, in vitro buoyancy, dissolution studies, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).Results: An in vitro dissolution study was carried out by using buffer pH 1.2. From in vitro dissolution studies, it has been found that an increase in polymer concentration diminishes the drug release profile. The in vitro drug release percentage from F4-F9 formulations ranged from 60.28%-98.66% at the closing of 12 h and buoyancy found over 12 h.Conclusion: The in vitro drug release from F1-F3 and F7-F9 followed zero-order, F4 followed Higuchi order, F5 and F6 followed Hixon-Crowell release kinetics. The drug release mechanism was set up to be F1-F8 non-Fickian (anomalous behavior) and F9 having Fickian diffusion type.

Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to formulate, optimize and evaluate sublingual film of Enalapril maleate for rapid management of Hypertension. Methods: Sublingual films were prepared by solvent casting method. Present investigation were formulated by using HPMC E 15 (X1) as polymer and Polyethylene glycol (X2) as plasticizer were chosen as independent variables in 32 full factorial design while Tensile strength (TS), Disintegration time (DT) and % Cumulative drug release at 10 min. (% CDR) were taken as dependent variables. The various physical parameters were evaluated for sublingual films such as thickness, tensile strength, folding endurance, disintegration time, surface pH and % CDR. Results: From the experimental study, it was concluded that the optimized batch F8 showed 98.6 %, the highest release of the drug. Stability study was performed by taking an optimized formulation and it was observed stable. The sublingual films showed acceptable results in all studies such as thickness, tensile strength, folding endurance, disintegration time, surface pH and % CDR at 10 min. R2 values for Tensile Strength (Y1), Disintegration time (Y2) and % cumulative drug release at 10 min. of Enalaprilmaleate(Y3) found to be 0.9852, 0.9829 and 0.9641 respectively. Thus, a good correlation between dependent and independent variables was developed. Conclusion: 32 full factorial design was successfully applied during preparation, optimization and evaluation of sublingual films of Enalapril maleate. The present investigation showed quick disintegration and fast release of the drug for rapid management of Hypertension.