Background: The rising prevalence overweight and obesity in India has a direct correlation with the increasing prevalence of obesity-related co-morbidities; hypertension, the metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. The risk for these disorders appears to start from a body mass index (BMI) of about 21 kg/m2. The objective of the study was to know the prevalence of generalized and abdominal obesity in the field practice area.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study conducted among 309 people in the rural field practice area of medical college from January to March, 2017.Results: In the present study prevalence of generalized, abdominal and combined obesity was 56%, 71.2% and 51.3% respectively.Conclusions: Prevention of obesity should begin in early childhood. Obesity is harder to treat in adults than it is in children. The control of obesity centers on the weight reduction. Information Education and Communication (IEC), Behaviour change communication (BCC) is used to encourage individuals of the society to adopt healthy behaviours like dietary modifications, increased physical activity and a combination of both.

Background: Hypertension is a major public health challenge in present phase of socio-demographic and epidemiological transition leading to various complications causing high mortality and morbidity. This study was carried out to observe changing trends prevalence of hypertension and its association with major risk factors in rural community.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was carried out among 1500 individuals (654 men and 846 women) aged 18-65 years living in villages under rural field practice area of Dr. Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Foundation, Chinaoutpally, Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh. Information on socio-demographic data and risk factors was obtained. Height, weight and blood pressure were measured.Results: The mean systolic blood pressure was 130±19mmHg and diastolic blood pressure was 86±11mmHg. The mean age, waist circumference and BMI are 40±13 years, 85±11cm’s and 24±4kg/m2 respectively. The prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension in the age group of 18-65 years was reported to be 27.7% and 24.3% respectively. The prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher with increasing age, BMI, positive family history and low physical activity.Conclusions: Hypertension is one of the major public health problems in India with a long preclinical phase i.e. pre hypertension. Sedentary lifestyle, obesity and tobacco consumption are the modifiable risk factors associated with high prevalence of hypertension. These observations re-emphasize the need to follow effective preventive interventions such as healthy life style with regular physical activity and healthy dietary practices to be adopted to prevent hypertension.

Introduction:Being ascertained as single biggest risk factor for myocardial infarctions and stroke and cause of 10.8% of deaths in India, ICMR has already labelled HTN as silent killer. HTN is predicted to have higher prevalence than Diabetes mellitus and affect 1/3rd of our world population by year 2020. Prevalence of hypertension in India is predicted to be 200 million with only 40% being actually aware of the disease and only 20% of them being treated adequately. Thus, this study was aimed to assess awareness and demographic factors influencing treatment of HTN among rural population of Krishna districtMethods:A cross sectional observational analytical study was carried out in out patient department setting of a tertiary level institute in Andhra Pradesh. Five hundred and eleven patients presenting with hypertension as per AHA guidelines were included in the study after informed written consent. Detailed clinical history was sought and thorough examination was performed. Treatment history was verified by reviewing prescriptions. Data regarding demographics, awareness of hypertension, awareness on hypertension therapy and compliance to therapy was collected using predesigned validated questionnaire. Data on compliance of treatment was also obtained.Results:Maximum subjects were noted to be in fifth and sixth decade of their age (60.4%). About a third of them were alcoholic while 3/4th were non vegetarian. Known hypertensive comprised 61.8% of these while 38.2% were diagnosed for first time. DM was observed as co-morbidity in 237 (46.4%) subjects and events of MI/CVA/CAD/AF was found in 33 (6.5%) subjectsCommonest factor in undiagnosed hypertension was not visiting the clinic followed by absence of health clinic in vicinity. Significantly higher frequency of incorrect drug combinations, incorrect dosage and poor adherence to drug therapy was noted in newly diagnosed hypertensive subjects.Conclusion:Undiagnosed hypertensive comprised of 38.2% of subjects visiting our health facility. Lack of assess and visit to clinic were the most common factors in undiagnosed cases. Significant inadequacy and non-compliance to treatment was also noted in newly diagnosed case.