Pedestrian safety has become a critical consideration in developing society especially road traffic, an intelligent transportation need of the hour is the solution left. India tops the world with 11% of global road accidents. With this data, we have moved in the direction of computer vision applications for efficient and accurate pedestrian detection for intelligent transportation systems (ITS). The important application of this research is robot development, traffic management and control, unmanned vehicle driving (UVD), intelligent monitoring and surveillance system, and automatic pedestrian detection system. Much research has focused on pedestrian detection, but sustainable solution-driven research must still be required to overcome road accidents. We have proposed a wireless sensor network-based pedestrian detection system that classifies the real-time set of pedestrian activity and samples the reciprocally received signal strength (RSS) from the sensor node. We applied a histogram of oriented gradient (HOG) descriptor algorithm K-nearest neighbor, decision tree and linear support vector machine to measure the performance and prediction of the target. Also, these algorithms have performed a comparative analysis under different aspects. The linear support vector machine algorithm was trained with 481 samples. The performance achieves the accuracy of 98.90%and has accomplished superior results with a maximum precision of 0.99, recall of 0.98, and F-score of 0.95 with 2% error rate. The model’s prediction indicates that it can be used in the intelligent transportation system. Finally, the limitation and the challenges discussed to provide an outlook for future research direction to perform effective pedestrian detection.

The machine learning model has become a critical consideration in the supply chain. Most of the companies have experienced vari-ous supply chain risks over the past three years. Earlier risk prediction has been performed by supply chain risk management. In this study, an integrated supply chain operations reference (ISCOR) model has been used to evaluate the organization's supply chain risk. Machine learning (ML) has become a hot topic in research and industry in the last few years. With this motivation, we have moved in the direction of a machine learning-based pathway to predict the supply chain risk. The great attraction of this research is that suppliers will understand the associated risk in the activity. This research includes data pre-processing, feature extraction, data transformation, and missing value replacement. The proposed integrated model involves the support vector machine (SVM), k near-est neighbor (k-NN), random forest (RF), decision tree (DT), multiple linear regression (MLR) algorithms, measured performance, and prediction of supply chain risk. Also, these algorithms have performed a comparative analysis under different aspects. Among the other algorithms, the random forest algorithm achieves an accuracy of 99% and has accomplished superior results with a maxi-mum precision of 0.99, recall of 0.99, and F-score of 0.99 with 1% error rate. The model’s prediction indicates that it can be used to find the supply chain risk. Finally, the limitation and the challenges discussed also provide an outlook for future research direction to perform effective management to mitigate the risk.

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