Uterine Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs) are rare but life threatening causes of abnormal vaginal bleeding. Accurate clinical and radiological diagnosis is essential because uterine instrumentation that is often used for management of other sources of abnormal bleeding, can lead to massive hemorrhage. Timely diagnosis and early proper treatment can markedly reduce the associated disease mortality. Ultrasound with colour and spectral doppler is the initial imaging modality of choice. Three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) angiography can determine the actual extent of the vascular malformation and helps in pre-interventional planning noninvasively. Uterine AVM can be either congenital or acquired in nature with latter being more common. We hereby report two cases of acquired AVMs diagnosed by color doppler sonography and confirmed by three-dimensional CT angiography. Both the cases reported here had previous history of dilation and curettage for abortion. Clinically one patient presented with profuse uterine bleeding and another with meno-metrorrhagia and both cases underwent surgical removal of uterus.

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Venous aneurysms are one of the rare causes of neck swellings. Among neck veins, external jugular vein aneurysms are uncommon. We present a case of a woman who presented with a nontender compressible swelling in the left lower neck region, which initially thought to be hemangioma, was later found to be external jugular vein aneurysm on Doppler ultrasound and CT angiography.

We hereby report two cases of spontaneous emphysematous osteomyelitis of spine caused by gas forming organisms in diabetic patients, which were diagnosed using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging with one case managed successfully. These cases highlight the role of CT in diagnosis of gas forming spinal infections, especially in diabetic patients. Early and aggressive management is required in those cases to avoid mortality.

Fecalomas represent firm organized form of impacted feces. They are commonly seen in sigmoid colon. We report a case of large fecaloma in young adult female with chronic constipation, which was managed conservatively.Keywords Fecaloma . Sigmoid colon . Constipation Case SummaryA 22-year-old female came with complains of chronic constipation for the last 3 months. On examination, abdomen was distended, more on left side. A vague mass was palpated in the left iliac fossa. Per-rectal examination revealed empty rectum with no palpable mass or stricture. Plain abdominal X-rays showed dilatation of distal transverse colon and entire descending colon that was filled with fecal matter. Small bowel loops were displaced to the right side of the abdomen. Ultrasonography of abdomen revealed no contributory finding due to gaseous abdominal distension. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen was performed. CT showed markedly dilated descending and sigmoid colon filled with intraluminal fecal residue that appeared organized in distal descending and sigmoid colon forming a well-defined intraluminal fecal mass of approximately 12 × 11× 10 cm in size (Figs. 1 and 2). Transverse colon was also dilated. No obstructing intraluminal mass or stricture was seen in rectosigmoid region. The patient was managed conservatively with enemas and laxatives.