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a b s t r a c tTaguchi parameter design approach was used for optimization of process parameters for cadmium removal from chloride simulated wastewater using a flow-by fixed bed electrochemical reactor composed of a vertical stack of stainless steel screens. The studied process parameters were metal ion concentration, current, flow rate, and mesh number of screen. Removal and current efficiencies combined with energy consumption were considered as responses for optimizing of metal removal. An orthogonal array L 9 , the signal-to-noise ratio and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze the effect of the selected parameters and their levels. ANOVA results indicate that only the current has the major effect on the removal efficiency (RE) while concentration has the major effect on both current efficiency (CE) and energy consumption (EC) followed by current. Flow rate and screen mesh number have a lower contribution on the performance of cadmium removal. The optimum values of the control factors were: [Cd] = 200 ppm, 1.72 A, 5 L/min, and 30 in -1 in which a higher RE of 99.0% was obtained at CE of 28%, EC of 9.0 kWh/kg, and electrolysis time of 50 min. The new electrochemical reactor was found to be more efficient in the removal of cadmium when compared with the traditional fixed bed electrochemical reactors because of the high rate of mass transfer that was observed.

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