Water is the most vital substance for life on the earth and a precious resource for human civilization for many critical areas such as: food, energy, industrial, and the environment. Water resources are increasingly decreasing and need to be preserved. In recent years, industrialization, agricultural activities, rapid population growth and urbanization have contributed negatively to clean water resources (Ali et al., 2018; Basheer, 2018). Different pollutants such as pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dyes and heavy metals have contaminated the water resources. Presence of these contaminants in aqueous environments is environmentally hazardous for human beings and animals. Among these pollutants, heavy metal is one of the most hazardous species, due to their toxic nature especially when their concentrations exceed the allowable limits in the ecosystem. These pollutants are non-biodegradable and can be absorbed by marine life. Once high concentrations of heavy metals enter the food chain, they tend to accumulate in living tissues and thus, dysfunction the system of the human bodies (Fu, 2011).

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