Background Stress is the wear and tear a human body experience in order to adjust to the continually changing environment. However, too much stress affects health, productivity and relationships. There is increase recognition of stress in academic literature. Stress is basically an emotional imbalance incurred due to multiple reasons e.g. test, projects, paper competitive nature within your chosen field, future projects prospects and financial worries about school. Study Design Cross Sectional Study Survey Size Surveying 100 of Regular and Executive MBA students Survey Side Business Institute of Karachi Duration Four months from Sep to Dec 2014 Sampling Technique Random Sampling Technique Statistical Analysis Include Frequency, Mean±SD and Chi Square Statistical Analysis Tools EpiData, SPSS and Excel Main Outcome Measure Stressors and Stress Management Result Data were collected using Random sampling techniques from 100 participants through a cross sectional survey. The significant stressors reported were pressure due to vastness of curriculum, numerous assignments and dissatisfaction with the class lectures. Major stress reactions were found to be pressure trembling, crying and excessive smoking. Coping strategies were organizing and prioritizing task, getting enough sleep and even taking antidepressants. Conclusion This study provides an insight for initiating efforts to reduce the intensity of academic stress and work out of counseling trial to aid in the sound progression of students' mind and bodies.
Epilepsy is one of the chronic neurological disorders that have been an increasing burden to the developing countries. About 50million people worldwide suffer from epilepsy and approximately 90% of them are living in developing countries. According to WHO, 6 to 8million people with epilepsy and 3 to 4million (assuming a national average treatment gap of 50%) remain untreated. In a poor resource country like Pakistan, epilepsy remains as a public health challenge. This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitude and practices for epilepsy and to identify needs of epileptic patients for management of epilepsy. A cross-sectional study is conducted in Karachi, Pakistan. Data is collected from the epileptic patients coming to the public health hospitals of Karachi for treatment and analyzed through SPSS version 17.0. A total 150 individuals were interviewed including 47% males and 53% females. Majority of them were under 20-29 age groups. The knowledge regarding epilepsy causation was minimal, 49.3% respondents considered it as a curable disease while 40% respondents considered it as a contagious disease. Loss of Consciousness (85%), Urine Incontinence (70%), Salivation and Drooling (67%) were reported to be the major presentations of epilepsy. The most common therapies used in the treatment of epilepsy, included faith healers (80%), ayurvedic medications (57%) and homeopathy (10%) along with Modern drugs (63%). Poor socioeconomic conditions, lack of education, religious concepts and non-compliance from patient as well as from physicians were the main causes of treatment gaps. Awareness programs should focus on the acceptance of epileptic patients in the community not only to improve the quality of life of epileptic patients but also their families and for reducing stigmatization of epileptic patients. The main success factor for treatment of epilepsy lies in awareness and efficient and effective utilization of resources for epilepsy management.
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